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Showering Neutrino Astronomies at Horizons

Showering Neutrino Astronomies at Horizons. Update article. Why Neutrino may see where and what gamma and UHECR are no allowed to. accelerated protons interact:. => the energy fluences in -rays and neutrinos are comparable due to isospin symmetry.

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Showering Neutrino Astronomies at Horizons

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  1. Showering Neutrino Astronomies at Horizons Astronomia con i neutrini

  2. Update article Astronomia con i neutrini

  3. Why Neutrino may see where and what gamma and UHECR are no allowed to accelerated protons interact: => the energy fluences in -rays and neutrinos are comparable due to isospin symmetry. For neutrinos the observable spectrum is practically identical to the production spectrum, whereas -rays pile up below the pair production threshold on the CMB at a few 1014 eV. The Universe acts as a calorimeter for the total injected electromagnetic energy above the pair threshold. This constrains gamma but only part of the neutrino fluxes. Astronomia con i neutrini

  4. High Energy Neutrino Astronomyare a Must just behind the corner • Solar,Supernovae Neutrino Astronomy are probed. • Cosmic rays flux as rich as BBR, being charged, are bent and smeared, blinding most CR astronomy. • UHECR are direct, but BBR cut them, GZK cut , locally. • UHECR themselves must produce GZK- EeV neutrinos. • AGN, GRBs, Star Burst Galaxy must also produce PeV neutrinos. • UHE neutrinos must emerge above atmospheric neutrino noises: muons tracks and tau showers by their decay in flight (double bang) are their best trace. Astronomia con i neutrini

  5. Many New Astronomies :Gravitons, SusyUHE Neutralino, low and UHE Neutrinos Astronomia con i neutrini

  6. Local number flux of particles Astronomia con i neutrini

  7. Why Horizontal – Upward Tau air-showers are easier to be revealed than muon tracks ? Because an air- shower is amplified By its huge secondary number. Millions muons, billions gamma and e-pairs, trillions or more Cerenkov photons. Muon is single, alone and shine little. Astronomia con i neutrini

  8. Why Horizontal – Upward Tau Showering is so much linked to neutrino mass and mixing ? Because mixing, even for minimal masses guarantee the flavour transformation from Muon Neutrinos to the Tau Neutrinos. Galactic and cosmic distances are huge respect oscillation lenghts. 8.3pc Astronomia con i neutrini

  9. 26th ICRC,He 6.1.09, p.396-398.1999. Astronomia con i neutrini

  10. Tau Air-Showers:In principle Astronomy versus Elementary Particle Tau Channels Modes Astronomia con i neutrini

  11. Tuning to Air Showers by atmosphere filter at different angles and altitudes 20 km. Earth Horizons edge Astronomia con i neutrini

  12. t nt Horizontal Air Showers :A new Cosmic Ray Frontier Neutrino and UHECR Air-showerstelescopes versus • A New mountain of views • The Iceberg peak of a New Cosmic Ray Spectroscopy Muon lepton tracks. Atmospheric Versus astrophysical signals: The vertical downward pollution versus the upward Earth opacity Astronomia con i neutrini

  13. Earth Opacity by Inner Earth Density Structures Astronomia con i neutrini

  14. Charged current: Neutral current: Glashow Resonance(E = 6.3 × 1015 eV): Cascade The Earth act as a beam dump and the atmosphere as a calorimeter to amplify the Tau Air-Shower Astronomia con i neutrini

  15. Muon interaction lenght Astronomia con i neutrini

  16. Unstable tau versus muons at highest energy Astronomia con i neutrini

  17. Water Water Expected Tau events at different angles.GZK input neutrino flux Rock Rock Astronomia con i neutrini

  18. Expected μ± events by Tau Air Showers(Hortaus)GZK input neutrino flux. Water Rock Rock Astronomia con i neutrini

  19. Expected GZK neutrino flux Astronomia con i neutrini

  20. t t nt nt Detectors extended in deep valley : ARGO-Tibet Astronomia con i neutrini

  21. t nt The Ande Mountains as a target for detecting UHE neutrino tau by Horizontal Air-Showers at AUGER:ANDE SHADOWs on GZK Cosmic Rays from West and Young Horizontal Tau Air-Showers at EeVs D.Fargion The Astrophysical Journal,570,p.909. 2002 Astronomia con i neutrini

  22. The Ande Shadows on AUGER Pastor et. All 2005 Astronomia con i neutrini

  23. t t nt nt Milagro: Vertical TeV gamma versus Muon bundle by tau air-showers on horizons Astronomia con i neutrini

  24. The EUSO telescope seeing Hortaus in wide FOV: tens of events in three years Astronomia con i neutrini

  25. m m m Showering Up - Down on MAGIC Horizons :Cosmic Rays at PeVs –EeVs energy versus Glashow Resonant 6.3 Pevs and Tau EeVs Air-ShowersMuon’ s Rings and Arcs, Gamma Lateral Traces: Fan –like Horizontal Shower Astronomia con i neutrini

  26. MAGIC , while pointing a GRB or a SGR Burst at Horizons (~ 3% of the GRB-SGRs events ) behave as akm3 NEUTRINO TELESCOPE • astro-ph/0505459 • Neutrino Astronomy beyond • and beneath the Horizons: D. Fargion Horizons distance d= 167 km √(h/2.2 km) Cerenkov Shower opening angle q ~ 1° Conic Air Base Area A ~ 30 km 2 Truncate AirCone height h ~ 100 km Truncate AirCone Volume V ~ 1000 km 3 Truncate Cone Mass M ~ 1 km 3 Astronomia con i neutrini

  27. t nt MAGIC , while pointing a GRB , SGR or BL Lac BelowThe Horizons (~ 1% of the GRB-SGRs events ) on rock behave (near EeV n t energy) as a 75 km3 NEUTRINO TELESCOPE astro-ph/0511597 D. Fargion Progh.Part.Nucl.Phys.57(2006) 384-393. Horizons distance d= 167 km √(h/2.2 km) Cerenkov Shower opening angle ~ 0.3° Inclined Conic Rock Base Area A ~ 3*50 =150 km2 Inclined Rock Cilinder depth L t ~ 10 km Rock Cilinder depth l t ~ 0.5 km w.e. L t = 10 km w.e. lt = 0.5 km w.e. Astronomia con i neutrini

  28. UHECR Mirror air-showersand their polarization • Reflection on the Sea of UHECR air-Showers Cherenkov lights Astronomia con i neutrini

  29. Arrays in Space Station to track Gamma and Cherenkov Horizontal Air-Showers Astronomia con i neutrini

  30. t nt Air Showers on the Crown array telescope Astronomia con i neutrini

  31. t t t nt nt nt In Conclusion, while muon tracks may hide in deep underground up-ward Muon-Neutrino Astronomy, the Tau air-Shower Neutrino Sky lay just under our own Sky: it is the Earth Astronomia con i neutrini

  32. Conclusioni • Tau Neutrino Earth Skimming Astronomy is at the edges • Milagro,Shalon, ASHRA,CRTNT, MAGIC and Veritas may discover its air-showers • AUGER and ARGO may find it in inclined events • Tau Airshowers may arise from the space as Terrestrial Gamma Flashes • Time will show that the Tau sky lay just behind our own foot • OUR EARTH Astronomia con i neutrini

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