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Showering Neutrino Astronomies at Horizons

Explore the fascinating world of neutrino astronomy and its potential to uncover the mysteries of the universe. Discover how neutrinos can provide valuable insights into phenomena such as solar and supernova neutrinos, cosmic rays, and high energy astrophysical sources.

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Showering Neutrino Astronomies at Horizons

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  1. Showering Neutrino Astronomies at Horizons Astronomia con i neutrini

  2. Update article Astronomia con i neutrini

  3. Why Neutrino may see where and what gamma and UHECR are no allowed to accelerated protons interact: => the energy fluences in -rays and neutrinos are comparable due to isospin symmetry. For neutrinos the observable spectrum is practically identical to the production spectrum, whereas -rays pile up below the pair production threshold on the CMB at a few 1014 eV. The Universe acts as a calorimeter for the total injected electromagnetic energy above the pair threshold. This constrains gamma but only part of the neutrino fluxes. Astronomia con i neutrini

  4. High Energy Neutrino Astronomyare a Must just behind the corner • Solar,Supernovae Neutrino Astronomy are probed. • Cosmic rays flux as rich as BBR, being charged, are bent and smeared, blinding most CR astronomy. • UHECR are direct, but BBR cut them, GZK cut , locally. • UHECR themselves must produce GZK- EeV neutrinos. • AGN, GRBs, Star Burst Galaxy must also produce PeV neutrinos. • UHE neutrinos must emerge above atmospheric neutrino noises: muons tracks and tau showers by their decay in flight (double bang) are their best trace. Astronomia con i neutrini

  5. Many New Astronomies :Gravitons, SusyUHE Neutralino, low and UHE Neutrinos Astronomia con i neutrini

  6. Local number flux of particles Astronomia con i neutrini

  7. Why Horizontal – Upward Tau air-showers are easier to be revealed than muon tracks ? Because an air- shower is amplified By its huge secondary number. Millions muons, billions gamma and e-pairs, trillions or more Cerenkov photons. Muon is single, alone and shine little. Astronomia con i neutrini

  8. Why Horizontal – Upward Tau Showering is so much linked to neutrino mass and mixing ? Because mixing, even for minimal masses guarantee the flavour transformation from Muon Neutrinos to the Tau Neutrinos. Galactic and cosmic distances are huge respect oscillation lenghts. 8.3pc Astronomia con i neutrini

  9. 26th ICRC,He 6.1.09, p.396-398.1999. Astronomia con i neutrini

  10. Tau Air-Showers:In principle Astronomy versus Elementary Particle Tau Channels Modes Astronomia con i neutrini

  11. Tuning to Air Showers by atmosphere filter at different angles and altitudes 20 km. Earth Horizons edge Astronomia con i neutrini

  12. t nt Horizontal Air Showers :A new Cosmic Ray Frontier Neutrino and UHECR Air-showerstelescopes versus • A New mountain of views • The Iceberg peak of a New Cosmic Ray Spectroscopy Muon lepton tracks. Atmospheric Versus astrophysical signals: The vertical downward pollution versus the upward Earth opacity Astronomia con i neutrini

  13. Earth Opacity by Inner Earth Density Structures Astronomia con i neutrini

  14. Charged current: Neutral current: Glashow Resonance(E = 6.3 × 1015 eV): Cascade The Earth act as a beam dump and the atmosphere as a calorimeter to amplify the Tau Air-Shower Astronomia con i neutrini

  15. Muon interaction lenght Astronomia con i neutrini

  16. Unstable tau versus muons at highest energy Astronomia con i neutrini

  17. Water Water Expected Tau events at different angles.GZK input neutrino flux Rock Rock Astronomia con i neutrini

  18. Expected μ± events by Tau Air Showers(Hortaus)GZK input neutrino flux. Water Rock Rock Astronomia con i neutrini

  19. Expected GZK neutrino flux Astronomia con i neutrini

  20. t t nt nt Detectors extended in deep valley : ARGO-Tibet Astronomia con i neutrini

  21. t nt The Ande Mountains as a target for detecting UHE neutrino tau by Horizontal Air-Showers at AUGER:ANDE SHADOWs on GZK Cosmic Rays from West and Young Horizontal Tau Air-Showers at EeVs D.Fargion The Astrophysical Journal,570,p.909. 2002 Astronomia con i neutrini

  22. The Ande Shadows on AUGER Pastor et. All 2005 Astronomia con i neutrini

  23. t t nt nt Milagro: Vertical TeV gamma versus Muon bundle by tau air-showers on horizons Astronomia con i neutrini

  24. The EUSO telescope seeing Hortaus in wide FOV: tens of events in three years Astronomia con i neutrini

  25. m m m Showering Up - Down on MAGIC Horizons :Cosmic Rays at PeVs –EeVs energy versus Glashow Resonant 6.3 Pevs and Tau EeVs Air-ShowersMuon’ s Rings and Arcs, Gamma Lateral Traces: Fan –like Horizontal Shower Astronomia con i neutrini

  26. MAGIC , while pointing a GRB or a SGR Burst at Horizons (~ 3% of the GRB-SGRs events ) behave as akm3 NEUTRINO TELESCOPE • astro-ph/0505459 • Neutrino Astronomy beyond • and beneath the Horizons: D. Fargion Horizons distance d= 167 km √(h/2.2 km) Cerenkov Shower opening angle q ~ 1° Conic Air Base Area A ~ 30 km 2 Truncate AirCone height h ~ 100 km Truncate AirCone Volume V ~ 1000 km 3 Truncate Cone Mass M ~ 1 km 3 Astronomia con i neutrini

  27. t nt MAGIC , while pointing a GRB , SGR or BL Lac BelowThe Horizons (~ 1% of the GRB-SGRs events ) on rock behave (near EeV n t energy) as a 75 km3 NEUTRINO TELESCOPE astro-ph/0511597 D. Fargion Progh.Part.Nucl.Phys.57(2006) 384-393. Horizons distance d= 167 km √(h/2.2 km) Cerenkov Shower opening angle ~ 0.3° Inclined Conic Rock Base Area A ~ 3*50 =150 km2 Inclined Rock Cilinder depth L t ~ 10 km Rock Cilinder depth l t ~ 0.5 km w.e. L t = 10 km w.e. lt = 0.5 km w.e. Astronomia con i neutrini

  28. UHECR Mirror air-showersand their polarization • Reflection on the Sea of UHECR air-Showers Cherenkov lights Astronomia con i neutrini

  29. Arrays in Space Station to track Gamma and Cherenkov Horizontal Air-Showers Astronomia con i neutrini

  30. t nt Air Showers on the Crown array telescope Astronomia con i neutrini

  31. t t t nt nt nt In Conclusion, while muon tracks may hide in deep underground up-ward Muon-Neutrino Astronomy, the Tau air-Shower Neutrino Sky lay just under our own Sky: it is the Earth Astronomia con i neutrini

  32. Conclusioni • Tau Neutrino Earth Skimming Astronomy is at the edges • Milagro,Shalon, ASHRA,CRTNT, MAGIC and Veritas may discover its air-showers • AUGER and ARGO may find it in inclined events • Tau Airshowers may arise from the space as Terrestrial Gamma Flashes • Time will show that the Tau sky lay just behind our own foot • OUR EARTH Astronomia con i neutrini

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