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RACE, CLASS, AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE (part 2)

RACE, CLASS, AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE (part 2). LATI 50 Introduction to Latin America. ABOUT THE MIDTERM ( i ). Coverage: Weeks 1-5 Grade share: 33% (without optional paper) Format: closed-book exam (no electronic devices) Date: Thursday, February 17 (in class)

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RACE, CLASS, AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE (part 2)

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  1. RACE, CLASS, AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE (part 2) LATI 50 Introduction to Latin America

  2. ABOUT THE MIDTERM (i) • Coverage: Weeks 1-5 • Grade share: 33% (without optional paper) • Format: closed-book exam (no electronic devices) • Date: Thursday, February 17 (in class) • Duration: 80 minutes (3:30-4:50 pm) • Bring blue books and writing materials

  3. ABOUT THE MIDTERM (ii) • Readings: • Modern Latin America, introduction + chapters 1-5, 7-10, 12-13 • MLA website, Documents 3, 6, 10, 14 • GarcíaMárquez, Chronicle of a Death Foretold • Videos: • “Garden of the Forking Paths” • “Fire in the Mind” • Class Notes: • Lectures 1-10

  4. STUDY GUIDE (a) Identify and state the significance of: • Santiago Nasar • Bayardo San Román • Francisco Madero • EvitaPerón • The “boom” • ISI • César Augusto Sandino • Mestizaje • Platt Amendment • NAFTA • Bureaucratic-authoritarian regimes • Augusto Pinochet

  5. STUDY GUIDE (b) • Compare the Spanish American path to independence with that of Brazil. What difference did it make? • How does Chronicle of a Death Foretold exemplify the phenomenon of “magical realism”? • Compare the Mexican Revolution with the Cuban Revolution. • Compare economic strategies in Chile and Argentina. • Describe Latin America’s patterns of democratization during the course of the twentieth century. What are the implications of these trends?

  6. CLASS STRUCTURE • Upper Class: • Urban (industrialists, bankers) • Rural (landowners) • Middle Class: • Urban (merchants, lawyers, etc.) • Rural (small farmers) • Popular/Lower Class: • Urban (workers) • Rural (peasants, campesinos) • National Institutions: • State (including military) • Church • External Sector: • Economic (investors, merchants) • Political (foreign governments)

  7. SHADINGS BY RACE • Race as a social construct • Indigenous peoples: exploitation and discrimination • African-origin peoples and slavery • Myths of miscegenation: • Mestizaje • Mulattos and Brazilian “escape hatch”

  8. THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC • Shares island of Hispaniola with Haiti • A “plantation society” (sugar and slaves) • 1916-24 U.S. military occupation • 1930-61 Rafael Leónidas Trujillo in power • 1965 U.S. military intervention • 1966-78 JoaquínBalaguer in power • 1978- electoral democracy

  9. THE QUESTION OF RACE • ¾ population of mixed African-European descent • Cultural and social stratification: white > black • Antagonism with Haiti (occupation 1822-44), uncertainty over identity • Trujillo cult of hispanidad, defining Dominicans as “the most Spanish people of America” • 1992 celebration of “discovery and evangelization of America” • Reassessment of African legacy?

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