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RACE, CLASS, AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE (part 2)

RACE, CLASS, AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE (part 2). LATI 50 Introduction to Latin America. CLASS STRUCTURE. Upper Class: Urban (industrialists, bankers) Rural (landowners) Middle Class: Urban (merchants, lawyers, etc.) Rural (small farmers) Popular/Lower Class: Urban (workers)

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RACE, CLASS, AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE (part 2)

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  1. RACE, CLASS, AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE (part 2) LATI 50 Introduction to Latin America

  2. CLASS STRUCTURE • Upper Class: • Urban (industrialists, bankers) • Rural (landowners) • Middle Class: • Urban (merchants, lawyers, etc.) • Rural (small farmers) • Popular/Lower Class: • Urban (workers) • Rural (peasants, campesinos) • National Institutions: • State (including military) • Church • External Sector: • Economic (investors, merchants) • Political (foreign governments)

  3. SHADINGS BY RACE • Race as a social construct • Indigenous peoples: exploitation and discrimination • African-origin peoples and slavery • Myths of miscegenation: • Mestizaje • Mulattos and Brazilian “escape hatch”

  4. THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC • Shares island of Hispaniola with Haiti • A “plantation society” (sugar and slaves) • 1916-24 U.S. military occupation • 1930-61 Rafael Leónidas Trujillo in power • 1965 U.S. military intervention • 1966-78 JoaquínBalaguer in power • 1978- electoral democracy

  5. THE QUESTION OF RACE • ¾ population of mixed African-European descent • Cultural and social stratification: white > black • Antagonism with Haiti (occupation1822-44), uncertainty over identity • Trujillo cult of hispanidad, defining Dominicans as “the most Spanish people of America” • 1992 celebration of “discovery and evangelization of America” • Reassessment of African legacy?

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