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National Forests

National Forests. Around the world!. Forests around the world (2/3 of forests in 10 Countries). Russian Federation 20.5% Brazil 12.1% Canada 7.8% USA 7.7% China 5.0% Australia 4.1% Dem Rep of Congo 3.4% Indonesia 2.2% Peru 1.7% India 1.7%. Russian Federation 20.5%.

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National Forests

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  1. National Forests Around the world!

  2. Forests around the world (2/3 of forests in 10 Countries) • Russian Federation 20.5% • Brazil 12.1% • Canada 7.8% • USA 7.7% • China 5.0% • Australia 4.1% • Dem Rep of Congo 3.4% • Indonesia 2.2% • Peru 1.7% • India 1.7%

  3. Russian Federation 20.5%

  4. Russian Federation National Forests – All land belongs to government Forests not belonging to Forest Fund Forest Fund (793.5 mil hectares) Tree-bushy vegetation NonForest Lands (294.5 mil hectares) Forest Lands Lands Covered by Forest Lands Not Covered by Forest Reforestation Fund Natural Rare-Standing Trees Area

  5. Forest Areas of Special Protection Russian Federation National Forests

  6. Russian Federation Forest Code – 2006 (enforced January 1, 2007) • Forests judged for use, then for ecological value • No environmental requirements • Public participation made impractical • Change practice of renting • Does not define forestry or responsibilities • 50 new legal acts – cannot be implemented

  7. Brazil 12.1%

  8. Canada 7.8%

  9. Canada National Forests • 93% of forests publicly owned • 77% provinces & territories • 16% federal government • Canadians participate actively in land use and forest management decisions • maximum environmental, social and economic benefits • to be consulted about forest management decisions • 8% of Canadian forest protected

  10. Canada Harvested Land • 1% of forests are harvested across Canada • All forests must be successfully regenerated • 85% naturally • 15% through tree planting • By June 2007, 124 mil hectares certified as sustainable management by global standards • Worry trends • Internationally interest in Canadian forests • Expansion into northern areas • Cuts in frontier lands, including old growth

  11. China 5.0% • China has forests? No way. • (China is the second largest importer of forest products) • National forests: forest that haven’t been planted

  12. China Policies • China has many ambitious plans • National Forest Conservation Program (1998) • National Forest Protection Program (2000) • Sloping Land Conservation Program (2000) • They are not fully implemented

  13. USA 7.7%

  14. USA National Forests – Forest Service • Part of USDA • 78 mil hectares (including grasslands) • Size of Texas (193 mil acres) • 155 National Forests, 20 grasslands • Largest forest research organization in world • “Caring for the Land and Serving People” • Protection & Management of Natural Resources • Research • Community assistance with non-Federal land • Diverse workforce • International assistance of world’s forest resources

  15. USA National Forests – Bureau of Land Management • Part of DOI • 69 mil acres of forest land (1/4 of BLM) • 67 mil in Alaska • 11 mil acres commercial

  16. USA National Forests – Other DOI • National Parks Service • Prescribed Fires • Bureau of Indian Affairs • Development of forestlands • US Fish and Wildlife • Endangered Species Act

  17. USA Healthy Forest Restoration Act 2003 • To reduce risk of wildfire: • Strengthens public participation in developing high priority forest health projects • Reduces the complexity of environmental analysis allowing federal land agencies to use the best science available to actively manage land under their protection • Provides a more effective appeals process encouraging early public participation in project planning • Issues clear guidance for court action against forest health projects • Also: Protection against invasive species

  18. USASenate Committee of Energy & National Resource 2006 • Data is confusing, doesn’t add up • Double counting of acres • Most accomplishment not in fire areas • South has had greatest success • Treatment works (clearing brush) but vast acreage in west is challenge • Large acreage given more credit than need for communities • Despite complaints that not enough acreage has been dealt with, and too much time is spent on small projects • Use performance acres to count

  19. USASenate Committee of Energy & National Resource 2006 • Required to be in 50% of urban-wild land • Municipal watershed, endangered species habitat • No invasive insect treatment • Where are the resources going? • Said could use existing money; need more money • 20 mil goal, only 77 thou acres done (HFRA) • 20-25 mil done since Fire Plan implemented

  20. USASenate Committee of Energy & National Resource 2006 • “Limiting public participation and streamlining environmental laws hasn’t fixed the fire issue.” • Industrial logging doesn’t protect community or address forest health included in the project, while old growth forest care/restoration is not addressed • Collaborative processes are ignored or manipulated. • Lack of outside sources • “More funding is necessary.” • Budget doesn’t support non-federal land, which is the greatest threat to communities (only 4% funding)

  21. USASenate Committee of Energy & National Resource 2006 • Communities – Private Ownership • Private (company) ownership of public lands • Private (residential) creating defense • Teamwork – No project by just one agency • Private – creating defensible spaces • Public – slow, lawsuits, paperwork • Regulatory Issues, Endangered Species Act, etc • Category exceptions still delayed by year or more • Co-existed for decades • “Forest needs our help” • Shouldn’t have to live with this kind of threat

  22. References • Ball, L. Global Forest Resources Assessment 2005: Progress towards sustainable forest management. 2005. Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN. Rome, Italy. http://www.fao.org/docrep/008/a0400e/a0400e00.htm • “How are Russia’s Forests Structured?” Atlas of Russia’s Intact Forest Landscape. www.forest.ru/eng/basics/forest_fund.html • The Forest Code of the Russian Federation. 2007. WWF Russia. http://www.wwf.ru/about/what_we_do/forests/codecs/eng/ • “Canada’s forests: Roles and Responsibilities” Canadian Forest Service. National Resources Canada. http://cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/index/roles • Annual Report 2007: the State of Canada’s Forests. 2007. Canadian Forest Service. National Resources Canada. http://canadaforests.nrcan.gc.ca/rpt • Global Forest Watch Canada. http://www.globalforestwatch.ca/about.htm • Zhang, P., G. Shao, G, Zhao, D.C. Le Master, G.R. Parker, J.B. Dunning Jr. and Q, Li. 2000 China’s forest Policy for the 21st Century. Science. Vol 288, No. 5474, pp 2135-6 • USDA Forest Service. http://www.fs.fed.us/ • Bureau of Land Management http://www.blm.gov/wo/st/en.html • National Park Service http://www.nps.gov/ • Bureau of Indian Affairs http://www.doi.gov/bureau-indian-affairs.html • US Fish and Wildlife http://www.fws.gov/ • “Bush Administrations Actions to Promote Healthy Forests & The Healthy Forest Restoration Act of 2003.” The White House. http://www.whitehouse.gov/infocus/healthyforests/restor-act-pg2.html# • Debunking the “Healthy Forests Initiative.” Forest Protection and Restoration. Sierra Club. http://www.sierraclub.org/forests/fires/healthyforests_initiative.asp • Implementation of Public Law 108-148 (Healthy Forest Initiative). July 19, 2006. Subcommittee on Public Lands and Forest Hearings. US Senate Committee on Energy and National Resources http://energy.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=Hearings.Hearing&Hearing_ID=1574

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