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The Holocaust Chapter 16.3. During the Holocaust the Nazis executed 6 million Jews and 5 million other “non-Aryans”. The Persecution Begins. Jews Targeted Jews blamed for all problems in Germany Take away citizenship, jobs, property; require to wear Star of David.
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The HolocaustChapter 16.3 • During the Holocaust the Nazis executed 6 million Jews and 5 million other “non-Aryans”
The Persecution Begins • Jews Targeted • Jews blamed for all problems in Germany • Take away citizenship, jobs, property; require to wear Star of David
Kristallnacht(Night of Broken Glass) Nov. 1938 • Nazi’s attack Jewish homes, businesses, synagogues • About 100 Jews killed, hundreds injured, 30,000 arrested
Jewish refugees • 1938, Nazis try to speed up Jewish emigration • France has 40,000 refugees, Britain 80,000; both refuse more • U.S. takes 100,000, many “persons of exceptional merit” • Americans fear strain on economy, enemy agents; much anti-Semitism
The St. Louis • Ship full of Jewish refugees trying to get to Cuba • Cuba will not let them in • They appeal to the U.S. but are turned down • Forced to return to Europe, most passengers killed in Holocaust
The “Final Solution” • Slavery, genocide of inferior groups • Genocide is the deliberate, systematic killing of an entire population • Nazi death squads round up Jews, shoot them
Forced Relocation • Jews forced into ghettos, segregated areas in Polish cities • Some form resistance movements; others maintain Jewish culture
Concentration Camps • Labor camps and death camps, families separated • Prisoners crammed into wooden barracks, given little food • Work from dusk to dawn, 7 days a week • If you were too weak, you were killed
Mass Exterminations • German’s built death camps; gas chambers used to kill thousands • On arrival, SS doctors separate those who can work • Those who can not work immediately killed in gas chamber • First bodies buried, later cremated • Some are shot, hanged, poisoned, or die from experiments
The Survivors • About 6 million Jews killed in death camps, massacres • Some escape, many with help from ordinary people • Some survive concentration camps • Survivors forever changed by experience