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Arthropod Groups

Arthropod Groups. David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The “BugDoc”. The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus, OH. © October, 2004, D.J. Shetlar, all rights reserved. What is Entomology?. The study of insects (and their near relatives). What are insects

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Arthropod Groups

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  1. Arthropod Groups David J. Shetlar, Ph.D. The “BugDoc” The Ohio State University, OARDC & OSU Extension Columbus, OH © October, 2004, D.J. Shetlar, all rights reserved

  2. What is Entomology? The study of insects (and their near relatives). What are insects (and near relatives)? Insects and their relatives are ARTHROPODS.

  3. Review of Zoological Nomenclature (classifying & naming) Taxonomic Categories Phylum Class Order Family Genus Genus & species

  4. Review of Zoological Nomenclature Taxonomic Categories Kingdom - Animalae Phylum - Arthropoda Class - Hexapoda (=Insecta) Order - Coleoptera Family - Scarabaeidae Genus - Popillia Genus & species - Popillia japonicaNewman

  5. Characteristics of the Phylum Arthropoda • The segmented bodies are arranged into regions, called tagmata (e.g., head, thorax, abdomen). • The paired appendages (e.g., legs, antennae) are jointed. • They posses a chitinous exoskeletion that must be shed during growth. • They have bilateral symmetry. • The nervous system is ventral (belly) and the circulatory system is open and dorsal (back).

  6. What are some other Animal Phyla? • Protozoa - single-celled animals. • Platyhelminthes - flatworms, tapeworms • Nematoda - roundworms • Mollusca - clams, snails & slugs, squids • Echinodermata - starfish, sea urchins • Annelida - segmented worms (earthworms) • Chordata - fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals

  7. Arthropod Groups (taxa) The arthropods are divided into two large groups that exist today: The Chelicerates and The Mandibulates

  8. Chelicerate Arthropod Characters: • Pincher-like mouthparts - chelicerae - and pedipalps • NO antennae • Two body regions, usually - cephalothorax & abdomen • Four pairs of legs • Horseshoe crabs and arachnids are only living groups

  9. Mandibulate Arthropod Characters: • Mouthparts are mandibles - normally chewing sideways • One or two pairs of antennae • Various body region arrangements - cephalothorax & abdomen / head & trunk / head, thorax & abdomen • Variable leg numbers • Insects, crustaceans & myriapods

  10. Orders of Arachnids • Scorpiones - scorpions • Pseudoscorpiones - false scorpions • Opiliones - daddy-long-legs or harvestmen • Acari - mites & ticks • Araneae - spiders

  11. Pseudoscorpion Tick (a mite) Scorpion Wolf Spider Daddy-long-legs

  12. Scorpion Anatomy

  13. chelicerae eyes pedipalp

  14. Pseudoscorpion

  15. pedipalps & chelicerae cephalothorax abdomen Mite and Tick Body Regions

  16. American dog tick male Blacklegged (deer) tick female

  17. American dog tick female laying egg mass (1000-2000 eggs!).

  18. Clover mites Twospotted spider mites Predatory mite

  19. Opiliones (=daddy-long-legs, harvestmen) cephalothorax abdomen

  20. pedipalp chelicera (fang) cephalothorax narrow waist abdomen Spider Anatomy

  21. Abdomen Cephalothorax Chelicera (fang) Pedipalp Jumping Spider

  22. Wolf spider with egg case Spitting spider Orbweaving spider Tarantula

  23. Black widow with egg case Brown recluse (fiddleback)

  24. Classes of Myriapods (many legged arthropods) (all have one pair of antennae, a head region, and trunk with many pairs of legs, use trachea) • Diplopoda - millipedes • Chilopoda - centipedes • Symphyla - garden centipedes

  25. Millipede (Diplopoda) Two pair of legs per visible segment, attached under body. Centipede (Chilopoda) Pair of fangs under head, one pair legs per visible segment - attached to side of body. Symphylan (Symphyla) [garden centipede] No fangs, no eyes, legs attached to side of body. Myriapods [one pair of antennae, head & trunk regions, trunk with many pairs of legs]

  26. Millipede (Diplopoda) Centipede (Chilopoda) Garden centipede (Symphyla)

  27. Classes of Crustacea (mostly marine, fresh water, a few terrestrial) (all have two pair of antennae, five or more pairs of legs, segmented abdominal appendages, head & trunk or cephalothorax & abdomen body arrangement, have gills) • Isopoda - sowbugs or pillbugs • Amphipoda - sand fleas, amphipods • Cirripedia - barnicles • Decapoda - crabs, lobster, shrimp • several other minor orders

  28. Crayfish cephalothorax (Decapoda) Sowbug (Isopoda), a terrestrial crustacean

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