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Climate Change Adaptation & Mitigation in Viet Nam Roles of Community

Climate Change Adaptation & Mitigation in Viet Nam Roles of Community. Singapore, 25-26 June 2011. Content. Climate change and global problem Viet Nam & Climate Change Current efforts - Government level Role of civil society. 1. Climate change and global problem.

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Climate Change Adaptation & Mitigation in Viet Nam Roles of Community

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  1. Climate Change Adaptation & Mitigation in Viet NamRoles of Community Singapore, 25-26 June 2011

  2. Content • Climate change and global problem • Viet Nam & Climate Change • Current efforts - Government level • Role of civil society

  3. 1. Climate change and global problem • The biggest challenge in 21 century • Basic elements- water, foods, health, environment. • 332 millions people could be homeless • 400 millions people facing malaria • 600 millions people facing innutrition • 1,8 billion people facing shortage of water in 2080 • Serious ecological crisis in South Asia and North China • Nick Stern www.sternreview.org.uk • Annual Cost and risks = 5% GDP • Expenses on reducing GHGs = 1% GDP .

  4. Germanwatch – Report on Risk Index of Global CC 2010 • 10 most vulnerable countries include: • Bangladesh, Myanmar, Honduras, Viet Nam, Nicaragua, Haiti, India, Dominican, Philippine and China • Low –income countries: The poor suffer most • 1990 – 2008 period: • 11.000 floods, typhoons, droughts • 600.000 dead • Economic loss: US$ 1,700 billions

  5. Temperature- on clearly rising trend Rainfall does not 2. Viet Nam & Climate Change

  6. Most likely and serious Impacts • 3,000 km coast line • Sea level rises as the key impact

  7. WB report - Problem from CC in Viet Nam • Sea level rises 20 cm in the last 50 years • 500 dead per year • US$ 1.5 billion (1,5% of annual GDP) • 80% farmers living in rural areas with agriculture livelihood • Threats for millennium objectives, sustainable development and poverty reduction • The poor suffer twice • Vietnam is the second biggest rice exporter

  8. Coming threats • Scenario 1: If the rise is 65 cm- 12.8% of Mekong River Delta will be covered • Scenario 2: If the rise is 100 cm- 90% of Mekong River Delta will be covered

  9. Threats for Viet Nam • Scenario 2: Sea level rises 33 cm in 2050 and 100 cm in the next 100 years • 90 % of Mekong River Delta will be covered. (40,000 sq. km) . • 5% of total land will be covered • 11% of households become homeless • 5% rice production decreased (5 millions ton) • 10 % of GDP will be lost

  10. Flooded streets in QuyNhon City r

  11. Combination of transportation

  12. Street becomes the river

  13. Drought in Quang Tri

  14. Typhoon in Nam Dinh

  15. 3. Current effortsGovernment level • Policy • National Strategy of Climate Change Adaptation & Mitigation to be approved in 2011 • Until 2030: • Raise awareness, change attitude and behaviour of people towards nature and social economic development process in climate change context • 2011 - 2015: Urgent tasks • Master Plan for social economic development with adaptation with CC for MeKong River Delta • Upgrade the system of coastal and river damps • To settle the flooding situation in big cities • To protect saline intrusions for the most vulnerable areas related to food security

  16. 3. Current effortsGovernment level • National program on adapting with climate change launched by MONRE in 2008 • 2009 – 2010: kick – off • 2011 – 2015: Implementation • After 2015: Development • Research & Models • Integration of CC in annual development plan of provinces and ministries • Prioritized areas for immediate intervention include: • Vulnerable area s including coastline, Hong River and MeKong River Delta • Water resources; Agriculture and food security • Energy; health care,

  17. Damp building

  18. 3. Current effortsGovernment level • National program on adapting with climate change launched by MONRE in 2008 • Upgrade the system of coastal and river damp – 50 cm higher, especially the coastline linked Quang Ngai and Kien Giang • Plant 300,000 – 350,000 ha of mangrove and other forests • Efficiency in fresh water resources allocation and use • Sanitation • Develop new variety of seeds which better adapt with context of climate change • Restructure agriculture production • Total fund of 2,000 billion VND (100 millions US$).

  19. Government efforts - Direction • CC is now priority. “Late is better than never” • Vietnam still poor and vulnerable to climate change • Sustainable development instead of fast growth • Economic development with respect of the rules of natural world and adaptation with climate change • Reduction of Greenhouse effects • Efficiency in energy use • Limitation in using fossil fuel • Awareness raising & changing attitude and behavior of communities for adaptation with climate change. • Integration of CC into Master Plan, local SEDP and sectoral development plan • Environment protection, reforestation

  20. Reforestation

  21. Government efforts • Signed UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol • MONRE appointed as national focal point responsible for activities related to UNFCCC and KP • Task forces, including experts for research, project design in the field of CC • Scenarios of climate change in Viet Nam in 2010 – 2070 • List of projects for fund raising and technology transfer • Formulation of Clead Development Mechanism (CDM) – one of 3 mechanisms of KP for sustainable development in Viet Nam through CDM projects

  22. Government efforts • For the first time, in March 2011 MOET discuss the matter of climate change into the main subject in • secondary schools in 2015.

  23. What is needed from developed countries • Transfer new environment friendly technologies • Cooperation with developing countries in formulating and implementation CDM projects for sustainable development and GHGs reduction. • Financial resources

  24. 4. CC and NGOs & civil society • Adapt with CC from micro level • The strategy: • NGOs & civil society including private sector play important role in adapting with CC sharing responsibility, initiatives and resources with the government • Community – based approaches: • The community needs • Awareness raising • Change attitude and behaviors toward CC • Network of HR, projects, communities to produce sygnegy • Initiatives: • Higher productivity in narrower areas • New variety of plants when sea level rises • “in bed with flood”

  25. Current efforts NGOs & civil society • Models at grassroot across the country (Community-based Climate Adaptation- CCA)  many examples: CB-CRM in Cat Ba (CRP-KAS), Xuan Thuy (Nam Dinh- MCD), SDR- in Hue, GTZ in Tra Vinh, etc.

  26. Temporal damp made from rock and wood by farmers

  27. Key message- Involvement of the community is a must • Initiatives come from the community as they are the ones who will suffer and also have many ideas to adapt • Government and civil society need to be in place to facilitate, not the ones who stay • Examples: a project funded by Viet Nam Innovation Day in 2010 in Phu Yen province

  28. Innitiative • Protect landslide by “New technology” of sea damp made from Vetiver grass, Spinach and coconut matting

  29. Idea comes true • Mr Nguyen Phu Bao from Green Phu Yen Company received the Innovation Day grant of VND 270 millions (US$13,500) awarded by WB for his initiative

  30. Thank you!

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