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Reconstruction

Reconstruction. RECONSTRUCTION AFTER THE CIVIL WAR REBUILDING *Had to rebuild everything *Political *Social *Economic. LINCOLN’S PLAN. * Preserve Union *Higher cause * forgiving peace *“with malice toward none, with charity for all” *Amnesty to most

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Reconstruction

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  1. Reconstruction RECONSTRUCTION AFTER THE CIVIL WAR REBUILDING *Had to rebuild everything *Political *Social *Economic

  2. LINCOLN’S PLAN • *Preserve Union • *Higher cause • *forgiving peace • *“with malice toward none, with charity for all” • *Amnesty to most • *10% of a state’s population must take oath before the state could rejoin the Union • *Little mention of former slaves

  3. RADICAL PLAN • Radical Republicans • *Harsher plan • *Wade-Davis Bill of 1864 = very stringent terms, a majority of the number who had been alive and registered to vote in 1860 would have to swear an “ironclad” oath stating that they were now loyal and had never been disloyal. This was obviously impossible in any former Confederate state unless blacks were given the right to vote. • *Martial Law • *State could not rejoin Union until a majority takes oath • *Bar former Confederate leaders from office

  4. LINCOLN ASSASSINATED • John Wilkes Booth assassinates Lincoln in Ford’s Theatre • V-P Andrew Johnson becomes President • President Johnson tried to follow Lincoln’s plan with additions • Congress refuses plan/Congress wants to punish the South

  5. Conditions in the South after the Civil War • economy was totally destroyed • -currency worthless • -no transportation system • -no gov’t authority • -loss of slave labor: SOLUTION- ____________________________ • -growth of gov’t to provide public services

  6. continued • -plantation owners hardest hit Slaves gone Crops destroyed Fortunes lost Homes looted -some radicals thought land should be divided to slaves as payment for slavery • -but land was never given to slaves

  7. Post-War for freed slaves • -many slaves left the plantations • -looked for missing family • -others simply moved to new areas • -most did not have the money to buy any land

  8. PLANTATIONS RESTORED • -many of the poor could not leave: FREEDMEN HAD NO $ TO BUY LAND, LAND OWNERS HAD NO $ TO PAY WORKERS • -tenant farming-PEOPLE PAID RENT FOR THE USE OF THE LAND • -sharecroppers- PEOPLE FARMED THE LAND FOR A SHARE OF THE CROP. • -the absent idea of “40 acres and a mule” • -cotton is no longer king

  9. FREEDMAN’S BUREAU • -created to help former slaves adjust • -provided education and schooling • -helped former slaves find work • -was never able to really help most former slaves • -land reform was most basic need of former slaves

  10. Reconstruction fervor fades • -North becomes weary of Reconstruction • -Republicans split over Grant scandals • Credit Mobilier • Whiskey Ring • -Panic of 1873 • -Radicals have less and less control over South

  11. Compromise of 1877

  12. Deal is Made • -Compromise is made • -Hayes wins the election • RESULTING IN: • -Northern troops withdrawa from the south • -Reconstruction ends • -Home Rule of South reverses many advances

  13. New Rules • -Black Codes • -Jim Crow laws- SEGREGATION, SUPPORTED BY: • PLESSY v. FERGUSION- SEPARATE BUT EQUAL -Segregation -KKK • political, economic, social Financial Control

  14. Segregation • -decline in freedoms • -end of Freedmen’s Bureau • -end of voting • POLL TAXES • LITERACY TEST • -southern leaders ignored the Constitution • 14th Amendment (citizenship) • 15th Amendments (voting)

  15. New South • -southern economy eventually emerged stronger than before the war • -more industry- TEXTILES • -better transportation • -whites were still in control and blacks were denied citizenship • -sharecropping replaced slavery

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