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Dictators Threaten World Peace

Dictators Threaten World Peace. CH 24 Sect 1 Pg 734. Failures of the peace of WWI. Treaty of Versailles caused anger & resentment. Germans saw nothing fair in the treaty blaming them for the war. Soviets resented the carving up of Russia.

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Dictators Threaten World Peace

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  1. Dictators Threaten World Peace CH 24 Sect 1 Pg 734

  2. Failures of the peace of WWI • Treaty of Versailles caused anger & resentment. • Germans saw nothing fair in the treaty blaming them for the war. • Soviets resented the carving up of Russia. • People turned to authoritarian leaders to solve economic & social problems. • Dictators were able to seize power.

  3. Joseph Stalin Transforms the Soviet Union • Democracy gave way to civil war resulting in the establishment of a communist gov. • Joseph Stalin took control. • Made both agricultural & industrial growth the prime goals of the Soviet Union. • Abolished all privately owned farms & replaced them w/ gov. owned farms. • ***All economic activity was placed under state management. • Established a totalitarian state – gov. that maintained complete control over its citizens. • Individuals have no rights, & gov. oppresses all opposition.

  4. Rise of Fascism in Italy • Benito Mussolini – established a totalitarian state in Italy. • Unemployment & inflation produced bitter strikes, communist led. • Middle & upper class demanded stronger leadership. • Mussolini played on the fears of economic collapse & communism. • Won support of many discontented Italians.

  5. Rise of Fascism in Italy • Mussolini established the Fascist Party. • Fascism – stressed nationalism & placed the interests of the state above the individual. • “black shirts” – Mussolini supporters • IL Duce – the leader

  6. Nazis take over Germany • Adolf Hitler followed the path of Mussolini • Nazis Party – National Socialist German Worker’s Party • Fuhrer – the leader • Promised to bring Germany out of chaos • Mein Kampf – Hitler’s book which set forth the basic beliefs of Nazism • Nazism – the German brand of Fascism, based on extreme nationalism.

  7. Nazis take over Germany • Hitler dreamed of uniting all German speaking people in great German empire. • Wanted to enforce racial “purification” • Blonde haired, blue eyed, Aryans “master race” • National expansion – more living space • Great Depression helped Nazis come to power. • Germany’s economy was dependant on the U.S. so they were hit hard.

  8. Nazis take over Germany • Unemployed men joined Hitler’s private army. “brown shirts” • Nazis had become the strongest party. • Hitler appointed chancellor • Dismantled the Weimar Republic & established the Third Reich

  9. Militarists gain control in Japan • Nationalist military leaders trying to take over the imperial gov. of Japan. • Need for more living space. • Launched a surprise attack on Chinese province of Manchuria. • League of Nations allowed actions despite the goal to prevent aggressive acts. • Condemned Japan, who simply quit the league.

  10. Aggression in Europe & Africa • Hitler pulled Germany out of the League of Nations. • Began a military build up • Sent troops into the Rhineland • League did nothing to stop Hitler • Mussolini began building his empire beginning w/ Ethiopia. • League of Nation’s response was an ineffective economic boycott.

  11. Civil War in Spain • Francisco Franco rebelled against the Spanish republic. • Spanish Civil War began • Americans sent aid but the aid was not sufficient to stop the spread of fascism. • Western democracies remained neutral. • Hitler & Mussolini backed Franco w/troops • Forged a close relationship b/w Germany & Italy. • Spain became a Fascist state.

  12. Americans cling to Isolationism • Americans were determined to avoid war & maintain isolationism. • Congress passed a series of Neutrality Acts. • Outlawed arms sales or loans to nations at war. • Extended the ban on arms sales & loans to nations engaged in civil war.

  13. Neutrality breaks down • Roosevelt found it impossible to remain neutral despite public opinion. • U.S. continued to send supplies to China b/c Japan had not declared war on China. • Roosevelt spoke out against isolationism.

  14. Answer these questions • In what countries did totalitarian governments come to power? • What was the goal of the militarists who took control in Japan? • How did the League of Nations responds to aggression? • What type of foreign policy did the U.S. adopt after WWI? • What laws did Congress pass regarding foreign policy? • Why did many Americans have difficulty with a policy of neutrality?

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