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Comprehensive Guide: Knee Joint Anatomy, Function & Conditions

Explore knee joint anatomy, ligaments, movements, muscles, blood supply, nerve distribution, applied anatomy, and common knee injuries. Learn about types of joints, bones, articulating surfaces, and crucial ligaments. Discover the relations, movements, and specific blood and nerve supplies to the knee joint.

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Comprehensive Guide: Knee Joint Anatomy, Function & Conditions

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  1. KNEE JOINT KNEE JOINT INTRODUCTION TYPE OF JOINT BONES ARTICULATING LIGAMENTS RELATIONS MOVEMENTS & MUSCLES BLOOD SUPPLY NERVE SUPPLY APPLIED ANATOMY

  2. TYPE OF JOINTBONES ARTICULATING • CONDYLAR/ MODIFIED HINGE JOINT. • BONES-LOWER END OF FEMUR,UPPER END OF TIBIA & PATELLA.

  3. ARTICULATING SURFACES • FEMORAL SURFACE • TIBIAL SURFACE • PATELLAR SURFACE

  4. LIGAMENTS • FIBROUS CAPSULE • COLLATERAL LIGAMENTS- TIBAL &FIBULAR. • CRUCIATE LIGAMENTS-ANTERIOR &POSTERIOR. • MENISCI- MEDIAL & LATERAL. • MENISCO FEMORAL LIGAMENT • OBLIQUE POPLITEAL LIGAMENT • TRANSVERSE LIGAMENT • CORONARY LIGAMENTS • ARCUATE LIGAMENT

  5. LIGAMENTS

  6. LIGAMENTS

  7. SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE,BURSAE & RELATIONS • SM-LINING, EXTENSIONS. • BURSAE- ANTERIOR,POSTERIOR,MEDIAL & LATERAL. • ANTERIOR –SUPRAPATELLAR (ARTICULARIS GENU), PREPATELLAR, SUPRAPATELLAR – SUPRFICIAL & DEEP. • POSTERIOR – SM BURSA. • MEDIAL – BURSA ANSERINUS • LATERAL – POPLITEAL.

  8. MOVEMENTS • FLEXION-GLIDING & SPINNING. • EXTENSION- GLIDING & SPINNING. • ROTATION-COJUNCT (20*- 30*) & ADJUNCT(50*- 70*)./ MEDIAL & LATERAL. • LOCKING & UNLOCKING

  9. MUSCLES • FLECTION – HAMSTRINGS, SARTORIUS, GRACILIS, G’CNEMIUS. • EXTENSION – (190*) QUADRICEPS. • MEDIAL ROTATION – SM,ST,Gracilis,Sartorius, Popliteus. • LATERAL ROTATION – Biceps Femoris. • UNLOCKING – POPLITEUS.

  10. BLOOD SUPPLY • Popliteal Artery- 5 genicular branches • Femoral Artery- 1br. • Lateral Circumflex Femoral Aa- 1br. • Anterior Tibial- 1recurrent br. • Posterior Tibial-1 circumflex Fibular br.

  11. NERVE SUPPLY • Femoral nerve- from nerve to 3 vasti. • Tibial nerve- superior & inferiorgenicular Nerve. • Common Peroneal Nerve- lateral(superior& inferior) genicular nerves,recurrent geniicular Nerve. • Posterior Division of Obturator nerve.

  12. APPLIED ANATOMY • INJURY TO COLLATERAL LIGAMENTS. • RUPTURE OF CRUCIATE LIGAMENTS.(ANTERIOR & POSTERIOR DRAWER TEST) • MEDIAL MENISCUS- BUCKET HANDLE TEAR. • LATERAL MENISCAL TEAR. • PREPATELLAR BURSITIS. • INFRAPATELLAR BURSITIS. • POPLITEAL BURSITIS (BAKER’S CYST) • # PATELLA. • DISLOCATION OF PATELLA- Q ANGLE (15*)- IN FEMALES. • GENU VARUM - BOW KNEE. • GENU VALGUM – KNOCK KNEE. • GENU RECURVATUM. • JOINT EFFUSION. • HAEMARTHROSES. • OSTEO ARTHRITIS. • ARTHROSCOPY.

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