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October, 2005

FOUNDATION UNIVERSITIES IN TURKEY Prof.Dr.Aybar Ertepınar Vice-President The Council of Higher Education, Turkey. October, 2005. Legal Status. The Constitution of the Turkish Republic The Law of Higher Education The Regulations on Foundation Higher Education Institutions.

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October, 2005

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  1. FOUNDATION UNIVERSITIES IN TURKEYProf.Dr.Aybar ErtepınarVice-PresidentThe Council of Higher Education, Turkey October, 2005

  2. Legal Status The Constitution of the Turkish Republic The Law of Higher Education The Regulations on Foundation Higher Education Institutions

  3. The Constitution of the Republic of Turkey Article 130 • Establishment of universities • Establishment of foundation universities

  4. The Law of Higher EducationNo.2547 Additional Article 2 • Financial and Administrative Autonomy • Establishment of Foundation Vocational Higher Schools

  5. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT • 12.12.1984 Establishment of the Turkey’s first foundation-owneduniversity: Bilkent University • Bilkent University • First academic year: 1986-1987 • Total number of Associate’s degree and Bachelor’s degree students • 1986-1987: 426 • Current: 9878 • Today 24 Foundation Universities in Turkey • Total Number of Associate’s degree andBachelor’s degree students: 81.794

  6. Board of Trustees • Institutions of higher education to be established by foundations are requiredto have a board of trustees with a minimum of seven members,constituting a bodyseparate from the administrative organ of the foundation. • The rector of the insitution is appointed by the board of trustees upon the consent of the Council of Higher Education.

  7. Financial Provisions The income of the institution shallnot, under any circumstances whatsoever, be transferred, even on a temporarybasis, to the assets or accounts of the foundation. Direct donations and assistance can be made to the institution.Foundation universities shall benefit from the financial provisions and exemptions specified in Article 56 of this law in the same manner as public institutions; and areexempted from real estate tax.

  8. Academic Organisation The academic organs of the foundation institutions are to be constituted in the same manner as those in public institutions of higher education and to be responsible forcarrying out the same duties. The qualifications of faculty members are to be the same as those in public institutions.

  9. Supervision, Control and Assessment • Such institutions shall submit a comprehensive account of their activities to the Council of Higher Education at the end of each academic year, in the same manner as public institutions. These institutions are subject to the supervision and control of the Council of Higher Education (YOK) with regard to financial, administrative, and economic matters. • If YOK determines that level of education at such institutions has fallen below the expected standards, and the situation is not remedied in spite of warnings and proposals, YOK shall terminate the operations of the institution concerned.

  10. Conditional State Assistance - I How to Determine the Amount? • The amount of such assistance per student enrolled in such an institution shall not exceed one-half of the amount per-student at public institutions of higher education as calculated by dividing the total amount allocated to public institutions from the national budget that year by the total number of students enrolled in formal education programs at public institutions.

  11. Conditional State Assistance - II The Requirements for the State Assistance • have provided formal education for a minimum of two academic years • have a publication/teaching staff member ratio equivalent to that of those publicuniversitiesoccupying a position in the upper half of a ranking ofpublic universities in terms of average number of articles per teaching staff member • grant full-tuition scholarships to a minimum of 15 % of its students • or, instead of scholarships, an institution have to document to the Council of Higher Education that it employed Turkish teaching staff, living abroad, full-time and contract basis, for at least one academic year, as much as the mentioned number of Ph.D. Students.

  12. Conditional State Assistance - III Maximum amount of state assistance realized in 2004 The total budget of the university 138.269.615 New Turkish Liras (YTL) The total amount of state asssistance 2.347.000 YTL Minimum amount of state assistance realized in 2004 The total budget of the university 8.222.135.50 YTL The total amount of state asssistance 129.000 YTL

  13. Guarantor Institution • Clause (d) of the Additional Article 3 of the Law of Higher Education (HE) No. 2547 • The Foundation: undertakes to transfer the “portable and non-portable” and “rights” of its HE Institution to another HE determined by the Foundation itself under certain circumstances

  14. STUDENT TUITION FEES ISTATE UNIVERSITIES vs FOUNDATION UNIVERSITIES • Maximum amount: • STATE UNIVERSITIES 458 YTL- Faculty of Medicine (approximately €270) • FOUNDATION UNIVERSITIES Faculty of Dentistry: 26,500 YTL (approximately €15,600)

  15. STUDENT TUITION FEES IISTATE UNIVERSITIES vs FOUNDATION UNIVERSITIES • Minimum amount: • STATE UNIVERSITIES • Faculty of Open University: 55 YTL (approximately €32) • FOUNDATION UNIVERSITIES _ Faculty of Science & Faculty of Humanities and Letters: 6,120 YTL (approximately €3600)

  16. NUMBER OF STUDENTS Foundation Universities vs State Universities

  17. Undergraduate Degree Students • Total Number of Students: 1.969.086 • State Universities: 1.887.283 • Foundation Universities: 81.803 (proportion to the total is 4,15%)

  18. Masters Degree Students • Total Number of Students: 92.566 • State Universities: 84.237 • Foundation Universities: 8.329 (proportion to the total is 8,99%)

  19. PhD Students • Total Number of Students: 27.335 • State Universities: 26.374 • Foundation Universities: 961 (proportion to the total is 3,5%)

  20. Graduate Degree (Master’s and PhD) Students in total • Total Number of Graduate Students: 119.901 • State Universities: 110.611 • Foundation Universities: 9.290 (proportion to the total is 7,74%)

  21. Numbers of all undergraduate and graduate level students

  22. NUMBER OF TEACHING STAFF BY ACADEMIC TITLE

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