AWG-based node architecture as multi-granular, multi-service switch

1. AWG-based node architecture as multi-granular, multi-service switch Jean Jennen Bell Labs Europe Lucent Technologies – ProprietaryUse pursuant to company instruction

2. Switching granularity • Granularity levels (including but not limited to) • Packet, Burst/Frame, Wavelength, Waveband, Fibre • Multi-granular switching • Offering blended services • Reduction of port counts (first order estimate of costs) • Pay as you grow • In-service technology upgrades Lucent Technologies – ProprietaryUse pursuant to company instruction

3. Switching technology evolution • Evolution scenario of Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexers and Optical Cross Connects depends on • Cost of optics versus electronics at the required speeds • Reconfiguration speed of optics • Ability to provide adequate Optical Performance Monitoring Granularity level 2005 ─ 2007 Technology >> 2010 Packet level L3 router (R)OXC (R)OADM Burst/Frame level L2 switch Wavelength level (R)OXC (R)OADM Waveband level Fibre level Lucent Technologies – ProprietaryUse pursuant to company instruction

4. Multi-granular approach Fibre, Waveband and WavelengthExample: 4 Wavelengths per band Wavelength granularity only 1x16 demultiplexers, space switch, 16x1 multiplexers 66x66 6x6 Input fibres Output fibres Input fibres Output fibres 10x10 Add ports Drop ports 10x10 Add ports Drop ports Port count reduction (OADM example) • Example: 4 fibres, 16 wavelengths each, 2 add/drop wavelengths 52 ports 132 ports Lucent Technologies – ProprietaryUse pursuant to company instruction

5. Multi-granular approach Example: 4 Wavelengths per band 96 ports full-fledged 8x8 Input fibres Output fibres Wavelength granularity only 1x16 demultiplexers, space switch, 16x1 multiplexers 68x68 10x10 10x10 Input fibres Output fibres 10x10 10x10 Future expansion Future expansion Add ports Drop ports Add ports Drop ports Pay as you grow (OADM example) • Example: 4 fibres, 16 wavelengths each, 2 add/drop wavelengths + 2 add/drop wavelengths for future expansion 56 ports at start-up 136 ports Lucent Technologies – ProprietaryUse pursuant to company instruction

6. Output port λ1 λ2 λ3 λ4 λ5 λ6 λ7 λ8 λ9 λ10 λ11 λ12 1 2 3 Input port 1 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 Input port 1 λ1 λ4 λ7 λ10 λ2 λ5 λ8 λ11 λ3 λ6 λ9 λ12 2 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 λ3 λ6 λ9 λ12 λ1 λ4 λ7 λ10 λ2 λ5 λ8 λ11 3 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 λ2 λ5 λ8 λ11 λ3 λ6 λ9 λ12 λ1 λ4 λ7 λ10 NxN cyclic AWG NxN cyclic AWG Rearrangeable non-blocking, two-stage architecture Combiner Combiner l l - Demux - Demux 1 1 1 1 M M 1 1 M M 1 1 N N M M Tunable wavelength converter Tunable wavelength converter Lucent Technologies – ProprietaryUse pursuant to company instruction

7. NxN cyclic AWG NxN cyclic AWG Multi-granular, multi-service node architecture Combiner l - Demux 1 1 1 From core To core M 1 1 1 From metro To metro Add wavebands Drop wavebands M/N M M/N 1 1 1 N N M M M Tunable wavelength converter Electrical switch Add wavelengths Drop wavelengths Client ports Lucent Technologies – ProprietaryUse pursuant to company instruction