Training for Roadway Safety And a View at Other Components

1. Training for Roadway SafetyAnd a View at Other Components Prof. Dr. Mustafa Ilıcalı This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Piri Group and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union.

2. Goal and Objectives To decrease the number of traffic accidents within a certain timeframe by ensuring cooperation between institutions, including all parameters and related units, with an empowered one-stop management and to monitor with a clearly defined method.

3. In the world… United Nations: Decade of Action for Road Safety Programme European Union: European Road Safety Charter Aims to reduce death by traffic accidents by 50% untill 2020.

4. Strategic Objective Reduce number of accidents Kaza sayısını azaltmak Kazaların şiddetini azaltmak Reduce violence of accidents Kazalarda ölenlerin sayısını azaltmak Reduce number of deaths by accidents

5. To achieve better behaviour and more responsible and safer driving Training and Education on road safety Road safety in transport Including the public in the road safety issue by raising their awareness Road safety awareness Support to victims and families Inspection and control Research and analysis on road safety Vehicle safety Civil society contributions Infrastructure and traffic management Cooperation between managers 10 main priorities

6. Strategy Developing and implementing a systematic approach including “methods” to solve the traffic accident and death/injury issue Trafik kazası ve ölüm/yaralanma sorununun “yöntemleri” de içerecek şekilde çözülmesi için sistematik bir yaklaşım geliştirilmesi ve uygulanması. Developing and implementing objective/result oriented principles and methods Hedefe/sonuca yönelik çalışma konusundaki ilkeler ve yöntemlerin geliştirilmesi ve uygulanması. Observing implementation. Monitoring and evaluation. Informing results to related parties. Uygulamanın gözlemlenmesi. İzleme ve değerlendirme. Sonuçların ilgili taraflara iletilmesi.

7. Our objective… • Impressive communication • High level of awareness • Permanent consciousness

8. Our communication objective… Short term Attract attention, creating perception Medium term Creating awareness, internalising Long term Not to be a country of embarrassing statistics

9. Target Audience Local Stakeholders Local authorities on Internal Affairs, Health, Transport and Education Police DG Roadways DG Education Institutions Universities Driving Schools Individual Volunteers NGO’s Municipalities Coordination Traffic and Transport Services Commission Education, Research and Campaigning Sub-Committee Preventing Traffic Accidents Association Target Audience Children Universite students 18-24 aged drivers 25-34 aged drivers 35-54 aged drivers 54 and above aged drivers Pedestrians Cooperation Communication işbirliği iletişim

10. Areas of Implementation and responsible institutions Implementation area / Legal issues • 1. Raising awareness and interest of local authorities on traffic safety issues. • Capacity building of current safety boards, Traffic and Transport Services Commission established to support local authority and Education, Research and Campaigning Sub-Committee. • Strengthening university education on traffic safety and providing special trainings for traffic safety personnel. • 4. Developing a comprehensive and public wide database. • 5. A National Centre for Applied Traffic Safety Research and Development (R&D) work.

11. Implementation area/Drivers education • Drivers education, training and driving test: • a. Providing trainings at high schools by experienced driving school teachers, testing officials, law enforcement personnel and local authority experts on traffic and safety issues. • b. Developing and implementing a new driving learning curriculum to change young and inexperienced drivers’ traffic safety behaviour. This programme will: • Focus on identifying dangers in traffic rather than motor and vehicle techniques, • Be developed in accordance with modern teaching theories, • Be in harmony with EU Directives, • Include driving lessons in dark and wet/slippery road conditions • Ensure driver candidates learn correct behaviour regarding safe driving and ensure the candidates become aware that it is to be used throughout their whole driving life and not just for the exam. • Develop and implement new standardized theoretical and practical exams for the whole country. These exams will, in addition to other topics, cover the following: • Defensive driving skills, knowledge and behaviours, • Driving tests on roads, motorways and city streets, excluding residential areas, • A shorter theoretical test than the current one (which should also be reviewed on yearly basis), • A longer practical driving test than the current one, • Monitoring of inexperienced drivers after the test and evaluations (learning driver)

12. d. Prolong the training and testing period for heavy vehicle (busses and trucks) drivers • e. Developing and implementing programmes for new and current teachers and testing officials. These programmes will include the following: • Special knowledge refreshing courses for current teachers and testing officials. Each course should last at least 5 days. • At least 6 week long courses for new teachers and testing officials, • Updated qualifications for teacher and testing official applicants, • Updated inspection methods for teachers and testing officials, • Employing and training new driving test officials, especially for the practical driving test • f. Identifying and implementing a more comprehensive approach to help older drivers (including refresher courses), • g. More efficient inspections of Motorised Vehicle Driving Schools

13. Implementation area/ Education and Awareness Raising • Education • For all ages, • Recommendations on road behaviour and protection in vehicles for parents and nursery teachers for babies and toddlers, • implementing pedestrian and bicycle programmes for children in primary school age and warning children and parents about dangers in traffic, • recommendations for older children who walk longer distances alone about traffic safety, • Taking measures with recommendations for more independent teenagers. • b. Providing adequate training and education for pre-schoolers, primary school pupils and high school students : • Preparation of a modern education curriculum, content and materials • Training and educating teachers, • Preparing training materials for parents and volunteers, • Parents’ participation in trainings • c. Getting support from related stakeholder institutions about traffic safety information and campaigning

14. d. Widespread use of safe child seats • e. Widening the use of seat belts and fastening safety systems for children in cars with informative campaigns, demonstrations etc. • f. Providing special areas for children, in areas where state roadways are close to schools. • g. Local Authorities: • Should promote safe travel to school, • Should implement parking restrictions and traffic speed reducing measures as well 30 km/hrs speed limits in areas where children walk to/from school and residential areas (police and residents together) • Should build safe pavements and crossings, especially along big roads/streets close to school areas, • Should build barriers at school gates and heighten security at special children roads close to schools. • h. Enforcing speed limits especially close to school areas and on roads used by children to walk to/from school. • Related institutions (in cooperation with NGOs): • Should promote the production and use of safety fastening systems for children in automobiles • Should use informative campaigns to promote use of reflectors for pedestrians and cyclists and use of headgear etc. for cyclists, • Should prepare a paper with basic courses on how to prevent accidents and first aid in case of an accident to all parents with children under 3 years. • Should start hand out reflective gear to all school children at autumn. • j. Prepare special informative campaigns about children and youngsters safety.

15. k. Strengthening the current structure for general information and campaigning about traffic safety. Strenghtening cooperation between other stakeholder institutions/organisations. • l. Inviting all related parties to a common working group meeting to discuss public plans. Continuing these meetings with updates on regular basis. • m. Preparing a long-term plan for national informative campaigns. Areas that can make to most impact on understanding and behaviour, campaigns focusing on accidents with highest number of injured have been targeted. Campaigns will be repeated with regular intervals, using special methods for different issues and road users. During the first years campaigns will be focusing on: speed, seatbelts, children, youngsters and pedestrian safety. This will be followed by cyclist safety, driving under influence, inexperienced drivers and weary drivers. • Informative campaigns can only be successful if continued for a couple of years. This is why it is important to focus on a few and important issues for a certain time period. Campaigns should be preferably be run simultaneously with other activities such as heightening rule obedience. Professional consultants and institutions should be called in for collaboration in choosing target audiences and the designing of the campaigns. Different channels, national and local newspapers, internal bulletins, distributions, school activities, radio, TV and the internet should be used efficiently.

16. Implementation area/ Speed Control • Widespread announcements about the danger of speeding and its effect on traffic safety, environment and other important life quality characteristics. Influencing the public, especially drivers behaviours on speeding and responsibility with repeated and targeted information campaigns. • Determining national rules (state roadways, regional roads and local roads) for appropriate speed limits depending on the function, the locality and other characteristics of the roads and the safety of those who uses them. Taking environmental, economic and social effects into consideration. One of the objectives is to develop a consistent and common speed limit policy. Speed limits in some road sections are not appropriate to the road conditions and should probably be reduced. Implementing rules. • Making speed limit signs more efficient. Placing more speed limit signs to remind about speed limits and warning about dangers. • Local authorities should implement more speed limitations around schools and other areas with vulnerable road users. This should be included in the local transport plans. • Designing roads who with their design are self-describing and shows the appropriate speed. This carries especial weight with city passes who are built very wide and thus encourage higher speeds than speed limits.

17. f. Research on whether speed limits should be limited 10-20 km/hrs during winter months • g. Enforcing speed limits more diligently. Adjusting penalties and punishments according to the seriousness of the crime. • h. Enforcing speed rules more efficiently using speed tracking cameras and laser guns. Using Smart Transport Systems, with a centralised system, tracking and penalising speed, seat belt, red light and safety lane violation with immediate effect. • More strict enforcement of rules regarding red light, stop signs, one-way street, improper over-taking, driving to close to car in front and other aggresive driving techniques. • j. Developing a nation-wide system to track speed and red light violations (on inter-city and local roads).

18. Implementation area/ Better control and enforcement • Continuing to develop and implement a result/objective oriented working method. Developing, teaching, training and implementing new strategies, tactics and working methods for traffic controls • Procurement of efficient control equipment like Smart Transport Systems, laser guns, alcohol testing and drug testing devices on roads with heavy traffic. • Applying penalties more appropriate to the crime. Serious crimes needs to be punished harder (from in-attention to driving dangerously). Punishments need to be stricter. • Developing and implementing a more efficient prosecution and other judicial proceeding system as well as pecuniary fine collection system. • Cooperation with the police regarding traffic control and strengthening common training. • Inform the police department about the importance of their duties, train them and encourage them to do their jobs efficiently. • I.e. Developing a programme designed to keep police in the traffic police department (changing duty area and subject with longer intervals) by increasing the respectability of the traffic duties. • Improving working conditions with the support of top level officials and the Directorate General. • g. Providing better road conditions to facilitate the enforcement of the law. I.e. More check points on main arteries.

19. Implementation area/ Infrastructure • Roadway designs and rules and implementation roadway fixtures: • Identifying and implementing comprehensive roadway design and roadway fixture principles taking traffic safety into account. To realise this, revised principles for the following points needs to developed and implemented: • Visibility ranges, horizontal and vertical curvature radius values, • Standard crossing types (modern one-way round-about incl.), • Principles and methods on selecting crossing type, • Principle and designs on roadside areas and road barriers, • Flexible (energy absorbant) barrier design and principles of use • City crossing principles and design (convenience for vulnerable road users), • Principles on controlling entries and exits to petrol stations and other road side facilities, • Principles regarding climbing lanes • Blind spot analysis and regular changes to design criteria according to traffic safety checks experiences. • b. Ensuring examination, development and implementation on all roads, the Traffic Signs standards prepared by the Roadworks. Preparing and implementing a general programme for the improvement of nonstandard constructions: • a. Road signs and road side posts (reflective curbstones, dividers), • b. Road side and roadside barriers, • c. Round-about safety with the development of design and road equipment, • d. Traffic check points, • e. Ensuring safety for road maintenance and repair work, • f. Informing the public of changes and additions to traffic signs, • g. Providing training to personnel marking traffic signs

20. Identifying blind spots and removing them: • c. Developing and implementing better methods and models to identify and remove blind spots. • Developing and implementing a work technique to study and evaluate dangerous part, especially crossings. • Maintenance and operation: • d. Developing and implementing principles on the following issues (in cooperation with local authorities) • Road marking, traffic signs, lights, road side barriers and lighting, • Marking and signs for road work areas. • Building development and city planning: • e. Identifying and implementing improved principles and methods taking into account traffic safety in building development and city planning. This planning should aim to reduce transport volume, unite transport systems and promote use of public transport, walking and cycling. It should take into account proper positions for improvement and activities such as parking places as well as access to roadway network. Preparation and distribution of guiding documents underscoring the importance of considering safety of all road users in development planning. • f. Preparation and implementation of local transport plans including traffic safety targets and measures for local authorities. These plans should include rules on providing safer residential areas, public transport, vulnerable road users and car parking a.o. facilities.

21. In short… Our common goal… …is our future!

22. This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Piri Group and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union.