Heep Yunn School

1. Heep Yunn School Biological Hydrogen Production

2. Introduction Introduction Theory Problems : • Energy shortage + Global warming Cause: • Burning fossil fuels Experiment Calculation Conclusion

3. Introduction HYDROGEN Introduction Theory Fossil fuels Alternative: Hydrogen Experiment Clean!!! Calculation Efficient!!! Conclusion

4. Introduction Hydrogen Introduction Theory General idea: + Food Bacteria Experiment Calculation • Overflowing - Landfill Conclusion

5. Introduction Theory Theory Aerobic  carbon dioxide + water Experiment Anaerobic methane+ hydrogen Calculation Conclusion

6. Introduction Bacteria in soil Theory Theory Experiment Calculation Conclusion

7. Introduction Theory Theory 100°C Experiment Calculation Conclusion

8. Introduction Theory Theory Hydrogen+ methane Experiment Calculation Conclusion

9. Introduction Experimental Procedures Gas produced is collected in a measuring cylinder by water displacement. Theory • Food • Treated soil Experiment Calculation Conclusion

10. Introduction Problems we faced Theory • How can we determine the molar mass of the gas? • How can we find out the hydrogen composition in the biogas? Experiment Calculation Conclusion

11. Introduction Test for the gas Theory • The gas gives a pop sound with a burning splint. Experiment Calculation Pop! Conclusion

12. Introduction Transference of gas to a balloon Acidic gases absorbed by concentrated Sodium Hydroxide Theory Moisture absorbed by solid calcium oxide in the U-tube Filtered gas collected in the balloon Water in Experiment Calculation By water displacement, the gas collected is pumped out of the bottle. Alkaline gases absorbed by concentrated sulphuric acid Conclusion

13. Introduction Calculation Theory Experiment Calculation Conclusion

14. Introduction Calculation Theory By Newton’s first Law: Experiment Reading of the balance Weight of the gas Weight of the balloon Up thrust Calculation By change of subject: Conclusion

15. Introduction Mass of the gas Calculation Theory W=mg Experiment Calculation Conclusion

16. Introduction Calculation Mass of gas Theory No. of moles of gas nM = m Molar mass Experiment Calculation Conclusion

17. Introduction C Calculation Theory Merging the two equations, we get: Experiment Calculation Linear relationship Conclusion

18. Introduction Volume of gas produced (mL) Types of food Results Theory • Experiment 1: Test for food Experiment Calculation Conclusion

19. Introduction Results Theory • Experiment 2: Test for optimal pH Experiment Calculation Conclusion

20. Introduction Volume of biogas produced (mL) Results Theory • Experiment 3: Test for optimal temperature Experiment Calculation Conclusion

21. Introduction Conclusion Theory The findings of our investigation are… • Fastest rate of food decomposition occurs at 40 degree Celcius in acidic condition (pH4). Among different types of food, pork works the best. • The gas produced in the reaction generally has the molar mass of 13, which indicates that 22-59% of the gas produced is hydrogen. • The conditions only affect the rate of reaction, not the proportion of hydrogen produced. Experiment Calculation Conclusion

22. Introduction Integrated Science Conclusion Theory Experiment Calculation Conclusion