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Orthopaedic + Plastic Surgical anatomy. Outline . A system for orthopaedics imaging Common scans Common orthopaedic surgical exposures Common Plastics surgical exposures. Systems for orthopaedics imaging . ABCSS Alignment Bony Cartilage Soft tissues Special consideration
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Outline • A system for orthopaedics imaging • Common scans • Common orthopaedic surgical exposures • Common Plastics surgical exposures
Systems for orthopaedics imaging • ABCSS • Alignment • Bony • Cartilage • Soft tissues • Special consideration • Extra scans needed? • Extra-injuries to be considered? • NV injuries?
Shoulder scans • Muscle structure • Inner muscular layer – Rotator cuff • Intermediate muscular layer – Coracobrachialis, short head of biceps and pectoralis minor. • Outer lip – Deltoid + Pectoral muscles. • NV structures • Main NV bundle
Wrist scans • Muscle structure • Extensor tendons – 6 compartments • Flexor tendons – Superficial and deep groups • NV structures • Radial artery • Radial n • Median n • Ulnar n + Artery
Knee scans • Muscle structure • Anterior – Extensor group • Posterior – Gastrocnemius • Lateral – Iliotibial band, Biceps femoris • Medial – Sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus • NV structures • Tibial n • Popliteal a + V • Common peroneal n.
Hip scans • Muscle structure • Flexor – Superficial layers; Deep layers • Lateral • Posterior - Deep layers, Superficial layers • NV structures • Femoral n • Femoral a + V • Sciatic n
Foot and ankle scans • Muscle structure • Anterior group • Posteromedial • Posterolateral • Posterior • NV structures • Anterior NV bundle • Posteromedial NV bundle.
Spine scans • Alignment lines – Anterior vertebral line, Posterior vertebral line, Spinolaminar line • Bony structures • Cartilaginous – IV discs • Soft tissues – ALL, PLL, Spinothalmic, Interspinous, SSL
List of procedures • Shoulder • Elbow • Wrist • Hip • Knee • Ankle
General principle of Orthopaedic surgery • Internervous planes • Know your dangers
Shoulder • Dangers • Layers
Elbow • Dangers • Layers
Radius • Dangers • Layers
Hip • Dangers • Layers
Knee • Dangers • Layers
Ankle • Dangers • Layers
List of procedures • Carpal tunnels • Median n Forearm • Ulnar n Forearm • Common peroneal n leg • Sural n leg • Flexor tendon sheath exposure
Carpal tunnel • Dangers • Layers
Median n forearm • Dangers • layers
Ulnar n forearm • Dangers • Layers
Common peroneal n leg • Dangers • Layers
Sural n harvest • Dangers • Layers
Flexor tendon sheath • Dangers • Layers
Introduction of flaps • Reconstructive ladder • Types of flaps • Vascular territory of important flaps