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China under Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping

China under Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping. Ch. 31 (pp. 905 – 907) & Ch. 32 (p. 923). Communism in China. During WWII, Japan partially occupied China, thus temporarily quelling the battle between Chiang’s republican government & Mao’s communists

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China under Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping

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  1. China under Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping Ch. 31 (pp. 905 – 907) & Ch. 32 (p. 923)

  2. Communism in China • During WWII, Japan partially occupied China, thus temporarily quelling the battle between Chiang’s republican government & Mao’s communists • After the war, however, Mao’s army defeated Chiang’s troops • Chiang’s republic driven to the island of Taiwan • Mao established the People’s Republic of China

  3. China Under Mao • Early on, Mao worked with & imitated many communist models of the Soviet Union • Mao’s focus on the peasants, however, caused him to eventually break away from Soviet-style communism

  4. China Under Mao • Late 1950s, Mao instituted the Great Leap Forward • Emphasized agricultural & industrial development • Collectivized farms, make private farming illegal, set quotas on industrial production • Focused too strongly on industry, resulting in mass famine & failure of the program • Severely damaged Chinese economy

  5. China Under Mao • 1966, Mao instituted the Cultural Revolution • Another program focused on economic development, but also strongly tied to social & political change • Called for a removal of all “old China” vestiges • Removal of hierarchal bureaucracies, Confucianism & Buddhist ideology, institutes of higher education, etc. • Focus was on strict equality & Mao’s personal ideologies • Ex. The Little Red Book • Like the Great Leap Forward, the Cultural Revolution severely damaged China

  6. China Under Deng Xiaoping • 1976, Mao died leaving China in a very poor state • Deng Xiaoping, Mao’s successor, encouraged a mix of socialism & capitalism to revive the economy • Socialist market economy • Successful • China’s government still retained control of most sectors of the economy

  7. China Under Deng Xiaoping • 1989, Students demanding more economic reforms & liberalization gathered in Tiananmen Square in Beijing to protest • Mostly non-violent (civil resistance) • Lasted 7 weeks before the government responded with military intervention • Hundreds to thousands killed

  8. China Today • China remains the largest communist-controlled country in the world • Increasingly prosperous due to exports

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