AP US History

1. AP US History Senor Scacewater “The Critical Period”Essential Question: Were the Articles of Confederation good enough? Exit Slip: List 5 weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation. By PresenterMedia.com

2. Weaknesses of theArticles of Confederation • A unicameral Congress [9 of 13 votes to pass a law]. • 13 out of 13 to amend. • Representatives were frequently absent. • Could not tax or raise armies. • No executive or judicial branches.

3. Were they “Effective”? • What is your definition of effective? (do not write “strong”) • Questions to consider: • A) In the 1780s, was the US unified? • B) Was the country on the same page? If you think the answers to these questions are no, then the Articles were not an effective form of government.

4. Articles & Laws • To amend the Articles, a unanimous vote (all 13 reps) was required • To pass laws, a 2/3 majority was required • Things the govt. could do under the Articles: • A) wage war • B) make treaties • C) borrow money to pay debts • D) clear polices for statehood (future states)

5. Document Analysis • Source: Letter from the Rhode Island Assembly to Congress (November 30,1782) • "Sir: In obedience to the direction of the lower house of assembly of this State, I enclose their unanimous resolution [to reject] the recommendation of Congress, respecting an impost on imported goods, &and to state some of [their]principal reasons. ... • 1) What is the impost on imported goods refer to? • 2) Which weakness does this document bring to light in the A. of C? • 3a) [Thinking] How does this show the Articles were effective? • 3b) How does this show the Articles were ineffective?

6. Northwest Ordinance of 1787 • Greatest domestic success of the Articles • All disputes settled peacefully • Plan for territories to achieve statehood were put into effect • Any territory w/ 60,000 people could apply for statehood • Slavery was abolished north of Ohio River guaranteeing future free states in the Midwest

7. Articles of Confederation 1. 2. 3. Unintended Consequences Large was debts remained unpaid (no ability to collect taxes) Financial Crisis due to broken down trade relationships States appeared weak to Europe due to not paying back debts

8. Biggest Challenge to A. of C Demands: restitution and tax relief Shay’s Rebellion – exposed weakness of Articles Daniel Shays and MA farmers rose up in summer 1786 Angered by: high taxes, debtors’ prisons, lack of valuable currency Immediate Result: Shay and co. stormed a state arsenal and local militia was called in and put down the rebellion (shows A of C worked) LTS: showed the state could [potentially] not protect the liberties of its own people (Which of the 5 weaknesses does this allude to?) LTS: Annapolis Convention & Constitutional Convention & Constitution

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10. The Constitution

11. Debate over Ratification

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