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14.3 Imperial China Collapses

14.3 Imperial China Collapses. After the fall of the Qing dynasty, nationalist and Communist movements struggled for power. The Kuomintang (Nationalist Party) pushed for modernization and nationalization. Their first great leader was ___________

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14.3 Imperial China Collapses

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  1. 14.3Imperial China Collapses After the fall of the Qing dynasty, nationalist and Communist movements struggled for power.

  2. The Kuomintang (Nationalist Party) pushed for modernization and nationalization. • Their first great leader was ___________ • In 1911, the Revolutionary Alliance (forerunner of Kuomintang) overthrew the last emperor of the __________________. Nationalists Overthrow Qing Dynasty

  3. Shaky Start for the New Republic • 1912 Sun became president of the Republic of China • “_______________” • nationalism—an end to foreign control • people’s rights—democracy • ______________—economic security for all Chinese Nationalists Overthrow Qing Dynasty

  4. General Yuan Skikai takes over presidency. • _______betrays democratic ideals. • Local revolts break out. • In 1916 civil war breaks out after Shikai’s death. • _________held real authority Nationalists Overthrow Qing Dynasty

  5. World War I Spells More Problems • In 1917, the Beijing government declared war against Germany. • They believed the Allies would return Chinese territories controlled by Germany to China. • Allies gave Japan those territories under Treaty of Versailles. • Treaty of Versailles outrages Chinese. • 3,000 angry students gather in Beijing May 4, 1919. • _________________spreads to other cities in China. • __________________share aims of the movement. • Many Chinese intellectuals reject Sun Yixian’s belief in western democracy in favor of Soviet communism. Nationalists Overthrow Qing Dynasty

  6. Students in Beijing rallied during the May Fourth Movement.

  7. Protestors dissatisfied with the __________________

  8. _______________students burn Japanese goods.

  9. In 1921 a group in Shanghai (including _________) organizes the Chinese Communist Party. • Mao Zedong develops his own brand of communism • Lenin based his in the _________________________. • Mao brought the revolution to the rural country. The Communist Party in China

  10. Lenin Befriends China • ______________is in south China. • He becomes disillusioned with Western democracies. • The Kuomantangally with the Communist Party. • Lenin seized opportunity and sends military advisors and equipment to ______________. The Communist Party in China

  11. Peasants Align with the Communists • Sun Yixian died in 1925, and __________________(Chiang Kai-shek) heads the Kuomantang. • Jaing (son of a middle-class merchant) feared communist goal of forming a socialist government. • Jaing promised democracy, but his government became corrupt. • As a result peasants threw their support toward the Chinese Communist Party. The Communist Party in China

  12. Nationalists and Communists Clash • Briefly Jaing set aside differences and fought warlords alongside the Communists, but later turned against the Communists. • April 1927 Nationalists groups moved on Shanghai and killed many Communists • In 1928 Jiang became president of the _________________ • Great Britain and the United States recognized his government. • The Soviet Union _____________________ • Civil War breaks out which lasts until 1949. The Communist Party in China

  13. In 1930 a bloody civil war was raging. • ________________established themselves in south-central China. • Taking his revolution to the countryside was called “swimming in the peasant sea.” • Mao recruited peasants into the Red Army and trained them in guerilla warfare. • _____________attacked communists but failed to drive them out. Civil War Rages in China

  14. The Long March • 1933 Jiang gathered an army of 700,000 ___________________ • In a daring move, 100,000 Communist forces fled 6,000 miles on the _______to northern China between 1934 and 1935. • Mao and survivors settle in caves in northern China. • During this civil war, ____________________. Civil War Rages in China

  15. Civil War Suspended • Japan took advantage of China’s weakened situation during the civil war and invaded Manchuria, an industrial province in ________________. • In 1937, Japan launched an all-out invasion of China, and held large parts of China by 1938. • The Japanese threat forced an uneasy truce between the Jiang’s and Mao’s forces, and they united to fight the Japanese. • The National Assembly further agreed to promote changes outlined in __________’ “Three Principles of the People”

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