The Integumentary System

1. The Integumentary System

2. Structure of the Integumentary System • Hair • Skin • Nails • Sweat glands and oil glands

3. Functions of the Integumentary System • Barrier against infection, injury, UV radiation • Maintain constant body temperature • When hot, sweat and more blood goes to skin to allow heat to escape • When cold, pores close and less blood goes to skin to keep heat in.

4. Super Interesting Integumentary Facts • The skin of a 150 pound male would cover about 2 square yards and would weigh about 9 pounds. • Hair grows faster in the summer than winter and more slowly at night than during the day. • The entire epidermis (top layer of the skin) is replaced every 28 days. • One square inch of skin has (on average): • 650 sweat glands • 19 yards of capillaries • 78 yards of nerves

5. Skeletal System

6. Structure of the Skeletal System • Includes • Bones • Cartilage • Ligaments • Tendons

7. Functions of Skeletal System • Movement • Supports and protects vital organs • Blood Cell Production • Stores Minerals

8. Muscular System

9. Structures of the Muscular System • Cardiac • Skeletal • Smooth

10. Functions of Muscle • Movement - circulate blood, move food through digestive system • Produce body heat • Maintain posture • Stabilize joints

11. Super Interesting Muscle Facts • You have more than 600 skeletal muscles. • 40 muscles are used to frown, 20 to smile. • The gluteus maximus is the largest muscle.

12. Nervous System

13. Functions • Gather and respond to information about the internal and external environment.

14. Structures of the Nervous System • Brain • Spinal cord • Peripheral nerves (come off brain and spinal cord)

15. Endocrine System

16. Structures of the Endocrine System • Composed of glands that secrete hormones. • Hypothalamus • Pituitary gland • Thyroid • Parathyroid • Adrenal glands • Pancreas • Ovaries, testes

17. Functioms • Influences growth, development, metabolism. • Helps maintain homeostasis.

18. Circulatory System

19. Structure and Function • Structures: heart, blood vessels, blood, lymph nodes, lymph • Function: • transport oxygen, nutrients, and waste. • Helps regulate body temperature • Collects fluid lost form blood vessels, returns it to blood.

20. Did you know… • There are about 62,000 miles of blood vessels in the body – that would wrap around the earth 2 ½ times! • The human heart creates enough pressure to squirt blood 30 feet! • Licorice can raise your blood pressure (blood pressure refers to the pressure in the arteries)

21. Respiratory System

22. Functions of the Respiratory System • Obtain oxygen (needed for cell respiration) • Remove carbon dioxide • Produce vocal sounds

23. Structures of the Respiratory System • Nose, sinuses, larynx, pharynx, trachea, and lungs.

24. Cool Respiratory System Facts • An average adult has about 300 million alveoli! • If all the capillaries on the alveoli were laid end to end they would be 620 miles long!

25. Digestive System

26. Mouth Pharynx Esophagus Stomach Liver & Gallbladder Pancreas Small and large intestine Parts of the Digestive System

27. Functions of the Digestive System • Breaks down and absorbs nutrients, salts, and water. • Eliminates solid waste (feces)

28. Cool Digestive System Facts • The average liver weighs about 3 pounds. • The large intestine is home to about 100 trillion bacteria. • The iron in a human could make a small nail. • There is enough phosphorus in the human body to make 2,000 match tips.

29. Excretory System • Structures: Skin, lungs, kidneys, bladder • Function: eliminates non-solid waste, helps maintain homeostasis.

30. Immune System • Structures: white blood cells, thymus, spleen • Function: Protect against disease.