Radiation and Health Aspects of Lynas-Gebeng

1. Radiation and Health Aspects of Lynas-Gebeng Chan Chee Khoon, Sc.D. Epidemiologist ckchan50@yahoo.com

2. Tikus Makmal in a Natural Experiment? • Chernobyl and CERRIE reports clearly indicate no consensus among experts on the subject of low level radiation exposures, especially health risks in relation to internal emitters. With respect to Chernobyl, there are wildly divergent estimates of the human toll from that disaster [see IAEA-WHO vs Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (2009) ]. www.cerrie.org ; www.greenaudit.org/cerrie_minority_report.htm • In a situation where experts cannot come to a consensus, the precautionary principle is crucial and minority opinions cannot be summarily dismissed (let's recall that majority opinion in the 1950s assumed that obstetric X-rays were not harmful, until Alice Stewart's pathbreaking studies at Oxford - initially also dismissed - on fetal damage from X-rays) • Lynas' Gebeng plant involves occupational and environmental exposures to fine respirable suspended particulates containing radioactive thorium-232, as well as its daughter radionuclide radon-220 (gas), both of which emit α-particles that cause 20 times the damage to cellular genetic material as caused by the same dose of absorbed energy from β and γ radiation • The Kuantan community have clearly indicated that they don't want to be Lynas's tikus makmal (lab rats) in a natural experiment in this situation of uncertainty • All the more, given the reported excess of childhood leukemias (and birth deformities and lead toxicity) in Bukit Merah in the 1980s and 1990s that were never properly investigated