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Body Systems

Body Systems. Muscular System. Types of Muscles. Smooth Muscle Involuntary Walls of internal organs (esophagus and intestines, blood vessels). Types of Muscle. Cardiac Muscle Involuntary The heart muscle. Types of Muscle. Skeletal Muscle Voluntary – you control to perform activities

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Body Systems

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  1. Body Systems Muscular System

  2. Types of Muscles • Smooth Muscle • Involuntary • Walls of internal organs (esophagus and intestines, blood vessels)

  3. Types of Muscle • Cardiac Muscle • Involuntary • The heart muscle

  4. Types of Muscle • Skeletal Muscle • Voluntary – you control to perform activities • TENDONS: attach muscle to bone • Attached to bones of skeletal system

  5. How Muscles Work • Contraction: becoming shorter and thicker • Receive nerve messages • Work in pairs • Sliding Filament Theory

  6. Muscle Tone • Muscles are almost always contracting • Slight tension is called MUSCLE TONE • ATROPHY: when muscles weaken and shrink • Use it or lose it! • Most often due to injury

  7. Keeping Healthy • Work Your Muscles • Some exercises increase your strength, others increase your endurance – do both! • ANABOLIC STEROIDS • Artificial form of testosterone • Used to gain muscle bulk • Can cause harm to many body systems! • Aggression, mood swings, jealousy, irritable

  8. Keeping Healthy • Anabolic Steroids

  9. Keeping Healthy • Effects of Steroids • Male Users • Shrinking of the testicles, infertility due to low sperm count, baldness, breasts increase in size and increased risk for prostate cancer. • Female Users • Facial hair growth, male-patterned baldness, menstrual cycle becomes unpredictable, and deeper voice. • Teenage Users • Growth becomes halted, accelerated puberty which could cause teenagers to remain short from premature skeletal maturation if taken before their adolescent growth spurt

  10. Keeping Healthy • Avoiding Muscle Injuries • STRAINS: a pulled muscle • May happen when muscles are overworked or stretched too much/too quickly

  11. Keeping Healthy • Avoiding Muscle Injuries • TENDONITIS: overuse of tendons, painful swelling and irritation • Tennis Elbow, Golfer’s Elbow, Baseball/Softball shoulders, Shin Splints, Jumper’s Knee

  12. Keeping Healthy • How can you avoid muscle injuries?

  13. Keeping Healthy • Muscle Cramps • A strong, uncontrolled muscle contraction • Try massaging the area and exercise the entire limb gently • Stretch and drink plenty of water before exercise • Potassium!

  14. Muscle Disorders • Muscular dystrophy: a disease where the muscles become weak because muscle fibers are slowly destroyed. • Inherited disorder • No cure exists, but treatment can help symptoms • Wide range of severity in this disease

  15. Crash Course

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