Spiritual Culture of the Korean People

1. Spiritual Culture of the Korean People 2010.05.12 Lee Jong-chul , Head of the Establishment Body of Hanseong Baekje Museum

2. Table of Contents • Culture’s Definition and Origin of the word • General use “Concept and Properties of Culture” • Understanding of the Korean Traditional Culture • Power of Culture • Historical and Cultural Heritage of the Korean People • Spiritual and Cultural Heritage of the Korean People • Korea- National Culture of God Spirit in the 21st Century • Success and Failure of the 20th Century’s Cultural Challenges • Era of the Cultural Industry • Challenges of the Spiritual Culture of the World

3. Culture’s Definition and Origin of the word

4. I. Culture’s Definition and Origin of the word • Comprehensive aspects of life of the people or the society • English → Culture, German → Kulture originated from the Latin, Cultura and is used in Europe since the 17th century • Origin of the word → agriculture, cultivate • Two meanings, caring of the body or the spirit Farm Music Dodangje of Mt. Samgak

5. I. Culture’s Definition and Origin of the word • Definition • Holism • General spiritual and artistic expression of the people or the society • Ability, habit or knowledge acquired by the members of the society • General aspects of the collective life style • Idealism • Not the specific behavior, but the basic system of value that controls the behavior, the rule or the principle

6. General use “Concept and Properties of Culture” Gangryeong Mask Dance

7. II. General use “Concept and Properties of Culture” • Manner for managing the life of the people Nature, Politics, Food, Clothing and Shelter, Religion, Culture, Educationcategory Korean peninsula →Historical background withChina, Manchuria, Japan • General aspects expressed in the life style of the group of people • Culture is shared. • Culture is learned. • Culture is cumulative. • Culture is a whole of system. • Culture is always changing. • Culture is super organic.

8. Understanding of the Korean Traditional Culture Picture of the Dragon King

9. III. Understanding of the Korean Traditional Culture • History’s progress • The process of overcoming the cultural limits faced by an era • Ancient times→ ceremony for heaven, heavenly gods, religion of god Three StatesㆍGoryeo era → Buddhism ㆍTaoism Joseon dynasty Confucianism → Western learning, 400 new religions of the Korean culture 3. Dynamics of accepting the culture from the outside world 4. Cultural development • the process of constantly adding new ability of life to the previously acquired “ability of life”

10. Power of Culture Seokguram

11. IV. Power of Culture • Nation with a strong root of culture in all times and places • Social chaos collapse of today’s economic, material culture, and exclusive wealth • Nation inundated with illegality, crime and sin • The people dreaming of new resurrection • Samuel Huntington , the national income of Ghana and Korea in 1945, 60 years ago (60$, 87$ <the least developed country>, illiteracy rate :70%) Shrine of exorcism for heavenly god Temple of Taoism

12. Historical and Cultural Heritage of the Korean People Dano festival

13. Understanding of the Korean Traditional Culture • Hometown of the Japanese people’s history • Nation with excellent Buddhism → pagoda Seokga • Kingdom of white porcelain Treasure 659’white porcelain cheonghwamaejukmoon byeong’ Suwon hwaseong

14. Understanding of the Korean Traditional Culture • Registration of 17 cultural heritages as UNESCO World Heritage • 7 Cultural heritages • Bulguksa, Seokguram, Gyeongju historical district, Haeinsa Janggyeonggak, Jongmyo, Suwonhwaseong, Hwaseong Seongyoekuigwae, Dolmen, Changdeok palace • 1 Natural Heritage– Jeju-do volcano cave • Documentary cultural heritage • Hunmin jeongeum the Record of the Joseon Dynasty, Seongjeongwon ilgi , Baekwoonhwasang, Booljojikjisimcheyojeol, Goryeo daejanggyeong, Joseon ,Dynasty’s gwae • 3 World intangible cultural assets– Jongmyo royal ancestral memorial service and Jongmyo royal ancestral music, Pansori, Gangneung Dano festival

15. Spiritual and Cultural Heritage of the Korean People Hunminjeongeum

16. VI. Spiritual and Cultural Heritage of the Korean People • Faithfulness → Filial Duty, Courtesy, Sense of Shame, Doctrine of King, master, father trinity • Filial Duty → Nation with an “ariculture-first”principle, Naturalism, Irrigation institution, Large-family system, Collective farming • Courtesy → Confucianism (Confucius) Sajiksin god of five grains, god of heaven, god of soil, god of region, ceremony of ancestors • Sense of shame → ethics, moral culture and home management , Jin-in-sa-dae-cheon-myeong (God helps those who help themselves) • Orient Culture(Buddhism Confucian Value<Success stories of Japan and Korea>) Koreaㆍ ChinaㆍJapan- peninsula, continent, island, Chinese characterand Confucian culture → benevolence→ cultural code of three nations in the Northeast Asia–communication of Chinese character, unification, Korea, China, Japan/Beon-ja/Gan-ja/ Yak-ja/ Jeong-ja (types of character), Chinese character, last period of Ching dysnasty 3000~60 million characters

17. Seokguram Bulguksa Changdeok palace Suwon hwaseong Jongmyo Gyeongju historical district Dolmen heritage Haeinsa Gyeongpanjeon Jeju volcano island and lava cave • Korea–National Culture of God Spirit in the 21st century

18. VII. Korea– National Culture of God Spirit in the 21st century • God-centered way of thinking, times of deity, high spirits, shamanism (relish, merriment, high spirits) shamanistic religion • Can do spirit, Why not, Let’s live a better life, overcoming poverty– the Saemaeul movement • Supported by education, teaching, ideology ← miracle of Han river- 1986 Asian Games, 1988 Olympic Games, 2002 World Cup Festival for high spirits not just for soccer- toward the world beyond walls Dynamic Korea → profound taste of culture • Alcoholic drink • music • dance Korean traditional clothes ‘Dandui’ Chinese traditional clothes ‘Chipao’

19. Success and Failure of the 20th century’s Cultural Challenges Suwonhwaseong

20. VIII. Success and Failure of the 20th century’s Cultural Challenges • Two faces of national image of Korea • Nation with insufficient basic technology, and raw materials→ failure of respecting and preserving ancestor’s learning, science, and technology • Korean-made cars, Korean-madeBenz – OEM – failure and challenge of marketability • War, division of a nation, demonstration, riot, export of orphans, abuse of foreigners • Fall of the 100 years-tradition of the modern history( failure to clean up the vestiges of the Japanese colonial rule and the creative process of overcoming) Jeungpyeongjangddeol dure song of farming Yeonhui rope walking

21. Era of Cultural Industry Ancient buildings of Mt. Moodang

22. IX. Era of Cultural Industry • 21st century is the era of culture • Information society – Dream Society(Jensen, Futurology) • Era of industrial production– era of cultural production– Rifkin, writer of The European Dream • Nation’s destiny decides the national image • Korean Wave culture→ to the world , to the culture, to the truth → the light of the east shines the world • Popular movie → countries with the share of more than 25% : Korea (50%), France and Japan • Music video Popular music • IT • Be quickworld culture history

23. Challenge of the Spiritual Culture of the World Joseon Dynasty royal tomb(Geonwonreung)

24. X. Challenges of the Spiritual Culture of the World • Cultural policies demanded today • Enhancing and illuminating mind and temper, purgation method for spirit • Improving the ‘quality of life’ on the ground of life • Accepting foreign culture in a balanced way • Establishing the culture-centered policy environment • Fostering “industry and art” that contribute the national development Jongmyo Changdeok palace

25. X. Challenges of the Spiritual Culture of the World • 7 factors developing spiritual culture • DreamㆍVision & Goal • Right & Good service • Change & Innovation • Creativity & Challenge • Speed & Velocity • Trust & Credibility • Technology & Information Jongmyo royal ancestral memorial service

26. Thank you.