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Biology 11

Biology 11. Kingdom Animalia : Phylum Platyhelminthes: The Flatworms. Phylum Platyhelminthes Objectives. Advances over Cnidarians Body plan (systems and structures) 3 classes and example animals Parasitic worms (enter, live, hosts, effects). The Acoelomates.

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Biology 11

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  1. Biology 11 Kingdom Animalia: Phylum Platyhelminthes: The Flatworms

  2. Phylum Platyhelminthes Objectives • Advances over Cnidarians • Body plan (systems and structures) • 3 classes and example animals • Parasitic worms (enter, live, hosts, effects)

  3. The Acoelomates The acoelomates advanced animal evolution in two significant ways: 1. Bilateral symmetry 2. Triploblastic Are still primitive because lack a body cavity

  4. Phylum Platyhelminthes The Flatworms Characteristics and Advances • Still have incomplete digestive system with a gastrovascular cavity (just like Cnidarians) but… • They are the first phylum with an excretory system made of “flame cells” and pores (so mouth is no longer anus as well!)

  5. Phylum Platyhelminthes 3. Have a “Nerve Ladder” type of nervous system 4. Reproduce mostly sexually but have excellent powers of regeneration which can be a form of asexual reproduction 5. Cephalization begins with a “brain” and sense organs appearing anteriorly in a head

  6. Phylum Platyhelminthes Class Turbellaria • Includes the Planaria a fresh water flatworm • Also includes many marine varieties Planaria sp.

  7. Phylum Platyhelminthes Class Trematoda • Includes the parasitic flukes • Include liver, blood, lung, heart, and intestinal flukes • Many have intermediate hosts like this liver fluke (i.e. sheep, cow, fish etc) Fasciola hepatica

  8. Fasciola hepatica (Liver Fluke)

  9. Fasciola hepatica Life Cycle

  10. Phylum Platyhelminthes Class Cestoidea: the tapeworms • Classical endoparasite appears degenerative but actually highly evolved to its habitat • Human tapeworms can grow up to 20 m long!

  11. Tape worm Anatomy

  12. Tape worm Life Cycle

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