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Mark Christie, Melanie Marine Michael Blouin

Where are all of the missing parents? Grandparentage analysis identifies reproductively successful residualized hatchery fish. Mark Christie, Melanie Marine Michael Blouin. Introduction. Additional gene flow from hatchery to wild Unknown trout population 60% missing parents.

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Mark Christie, Melanie Marine Michael Blouin

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  1. Where are all of the missing parents? Grandparentage analysis identifies reproductively successful residualized hatchery fish Mark Christie, Melanie Marine Michael Blouin

  2. Introduction • Additional gene flow from hatchery to wild • Unknown trout population • 60% missing parents J. McMillan

  3. Study system • Complete sample of anadromous fish • Hood River, winter run

  4. Wild Steelhead S R 1,2 3,4 ? N 1,3 5,6 S S S S 1,6 1,3 S = Steelhead N = Non-anadromous R = Residual hatchery

  5. Parentage ? 5,6 S S 1,6

  6. Parentage procedure • Correctly identify 1 true parent • Ensure 2nd parent is truly missing • Incorporated error rates • Double check that missing parent was not incorrectly sexed

  7. Missing parents

  8. Missing parents Ho : NNo Father= NNo Mother p < 0.001

  9. Broodstock S R 1,2 3,4 ? N 1,3 5,6 S S S 1,6 S = Steelhead N = Non-anadromous R = Residual hatchery

  10. Grandparentage results

  11. Grandparentage results Percent assigned to hatchery broodstock Offspring with missing fathers (N=753): 5.2 to 12.88 Offspring with missing mothers (N=150): 12.0 to 20.67 Total (N=903): 6.3 to 14.17 Expected number false matches = 0.003

  12. Reproductive Success G-test of independence: Anadromous p < 0.03 (25) (14) 31 8 Resident (257) (454) 263 448

  13. Reproductive Success G-test of independence: Anadromous p = 0.667 Resident

  14. 20% 77% 3% Age at spawning 94-95 95-96 96-97 97-98 98-99 99-00 00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 04-05 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 09-10 Broodyear of grandoffspring Year broodstock grandparents spawned = Year hatchery residualized fish born = Year hatchery residualized fish spawned

  15. Age at spawning Mann-Whitney: P < 0.001

  16. Conclusions Grandparentage is an effective tool Residualized hatchery fish do reproduce Hatchery residualized males and females Trout populations are very important 28 % Wild Steelhead have 1 trout and 1 anadromous parent

  17. Acknowledgements Hitoshi Araki, William Ardren, Kaitlin Bonner, Becky Cooper, Lyle Curtis, Rod French, John McMillan, Ivan Phillipsen, Catherine Searle, Jeff Stephenson, Oregon State Center for Genome Research and Biotechnology, ODFW staff, and Bonneville Power Administration.

  18. Grandparentage results

  19. Missing parents Ho : N = N p < 0.001

  20. Study system • Identification of hatchery residualized fish • Hood River, winter run

  21. Grandparentage methods No Parents or Broodstock Matrix No Parents, + Broodstock Matrix 1 Parent, + Broodstock Matrix

  22. Grandparentage methods

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