The Italian public interoperability framework and related services Rome , March 3rd 2009

1. An example of complex IT system • The Italian public interoperability framework • and related services • Rome, March 3rd 2009

2. Introduction to Italian public interoperability • framework and related services • Rome, March 3rd 2009 • Francesco Tortorelli • Director of Interoperabilty and applicative cooperation Office at • the Italian National Centre for IT in the Public Administration - CNIPA

3. PART 1: General and international contest of e-government organization PART 2: Inside the Italian contest

4. Introduction to Italian public interoperability framework and related services PART 1: General and international contest of e-government organization

5. Table of contents • PART 1 • CNIPA • The e-government’s governance • Ex. of the United States • Ex. of the United Nations • Lisbon declaration • European Interoperability Framework • The subsidiary models (Shared services) Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

6. CNIPANational agency for e-Government National e-governmentstrategy Ministry for PA and Innovation CentralAdministrations National agencies Regions Provinces Municipalities CNIPA Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

7. About CNIPA • The CNIPA (National Centre for IT in Public Administration) is a government agency which depends on the Italian Cabinet (Presidency of the Council of Ministers). CNIPA supports and implements policies delivered by the Minister for Public Administrations and Innovation • Under the governmentguidelines CNIPA isresponsibleof: • the strategies of ICT innovation and the related planning process; • the drafting of the technical rules, for the use of ICT technologies in accordance with the interoperability standards; • “call for projects” to innovate IT infrastructures in the Public Administration; • the realization of the most important projects within the Public Sector to: • realize savings and efficiency; • renovate the internal government G2G; - provide Public Sector services G2C,G2B. Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

8. E-Gov2 - The e-government’s governance Consider the elementswhichformanegov system as a set ofindependentlegalentities (nationalagencies, ministers, local/national public administrations, private organization, etc). The development of e-government services is a complex process which involves legal, organizational and technological aspects. • Information Systems generally doesn’t work in isolation, consequently, interoperability between ICT solutions from different vendors is essential to governments, industry and consumers. • For public administrations It is not enough to use ICT to provide isolated electronic public services: these services also need to be interoperable. • In delivering enhanced value public services, it is therefore essential to have a common approach based on shared principles, supporting multi-stakeholder cooperation in their delivery. Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

9. E-Gov2 - The e-government’s governance Political Sectorial Target } Law, Techinical rules } Model Guidelines governance Commitment, roles, processes, outputs } Shared services, Infrastructural services, Market’s ICT services, Housemade services Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

10. The US Federal Enterprise Architecture Framework Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

11. The US Federal Enterprise Architecture Framework /2 Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

12. Interoperability & ICT governance at UN • The GIF project’s rationale • Enormous amount allocated to e-Government • Difficulties in implementation and uncoordinated • action • reinforcement of old barriers • Information available but inaccessible • Little attention to the need to connect, exchange • and reuse data with other agency’s systems • Interoperability categories • Business process and organizational • Information or semantic • Technical Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

13. Interoperability & ICT governance at UN /2 • UN Development Program: • Interoperability provides one-stop comprehensive services to citizens and businesses increasing the ease at which information is shared among individual agencies. • e-Government interoperability can be achieved through the adoption of standards and through architecture – either enterprise-wide or service-oriented. • A Government (or National) Interoperability Framework (GIF) is a set of standards and policies that a government uses to specify the preferred way that its agencies, citizens, and partners should interact with each other. • An Enterprise Architecture (EA) is a strategic planning framework that relates and aligns ICT with the governmental functions that it supports. • The GIF is like a building code while the EA is like a town plan. Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

14. Lisbon Ministerial Declaration September 20th 2007 • Strengthen the European dimension through the interoperability between Member States; • Reduce the administrative load and consequently the administrative costs allowing for an efficient and effective interaction between public administrations and the people;   • Guarantee and ensure eGovernment services to all the people, especially in the case of the more economically and socially disfavoured;  • Involve the people in the political processes and increase their transparency. • Member States unanimously strengthen their commitment to continue the improvement of public services available to the people and to enterprises, through the use of ICT. • The European Ministers equally recognized the need to share knowledge and good practices, and to strengthen cooperation with other countries, particularly with African States, since Electronic Government assumes ever more relevance at an international level. Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

15. Effects of Lisbon Ministerial Declaration • INTEROPERABILITY • The common EU policy objective to reinforce cross-border interoperability and reduce administrative burden requires Member States to identify services and actions which can transform and simplify the way citizens access public services. • Citizens and businesses expect: • Access to customized services, like personalised information and personal virtual dossiers • To be asked to provide information only once • Points of single contact that let the data do the walking not the citizen • Public Services anytime, anyhow, anywhere • Personalisation of contents according to the location of customer • EU languages Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

16. Effects of Lisbon Ministerial Declaration • REDUCTION OF ADMINISTRATIVE COST • Reduce administrativeburden • Target : reduction 25% ofadministrativeburdenby 2012 • Valuefor Money • e-Governmentshouldensurethat public services serve citizens and business in the mosteffective way Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

17. Effects of Lisbon Ministerial Declaration • ACCESSIBILITY FOR ALL • No citizen should be left behind • Design web interfaces according to the standardised web accessibility • Prepare multimedia data (audio, video, etc) • Use a language and vocabulary that can be understood by the average/typical user Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

18. Effects of Lisbon Ministerial Declaration PUBBLIC PARTECIPATION AND TRASPARENCY • The results of Gov actions are made publicly available • On line participation is an important part of policy development and services delivery • Democratic processes may be electronically enabled • Information on the status of pending e-Gov services requests is easily available • Citizens and businesses are fully cognizant of delay expected of the various e-Gov services Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

19. Effects of Lisbon Ministerial Declaration SECURITY AND PRIVACY • Citizens and business must have the guarantee that their fundamental rights are preserved • Identification, authentication, authorisation, should have a maximum level of trasparency, involve the minimum of effort and provide the proper level of security Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

20. European Interoperability Framework v. 2 • EIF v. 2 now is in the final phase of consensus building process • … but we really need an EIF? • EU citizens and businesses want to reap the benefits from the Single Market – some public services must be provided with a EU dimension • • Administrations need to work together to make this happen – collaboration cannot stop at the national boundaries • • Therefore, ICT systems will need to be connected (or integrated) • Member States have defined national interoperability frameworks • • We need a common vision: the EIF • Enhancement vs EIF v.1 : • Lessons learnt with National Interoperability • Frameworks and other international similar efforts • • Societal, economical and technological drivers • • The focus has moved from Technical to Semantic, Organisational and beyond Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

21. European Interoperability Framework v. 2 • Objective of EIF • To supplement the various National Interoperability Frameworks, providing the pan-European dimension • • To serve as the basis for European seamless interoperability in public services delivery, thereby providing better public services at EU level • • To support the delivery of PEGS by furthering cross-border and cross-sector interoperability Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

22. European Interoperability Framework v. 2 Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

23. EIF Foundations • Adhere to the subsidiarity and proportionality principles; • Focus on the needs and rights of Citizens and Businesses; • Build in e-Inclusion and accessibility for all; • Ensure Security and Privacy; • Design for multilingual use; • Support public participation and transparency; • Support Standardisation and Innovation; • Reduce Administrative Burden; • Ensure the best value for money; • Preserve information over time; • Ensure Administration Neutrality. Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

24. The definition of interoperability in EIF 2 "Interoperability is the ability of disparate and diverse organisations to interact towards mutually beneficial and agreed common goals, involving the sharing of information and knowledge between the organisations via the business processes they support, by means of the exchange of data between their respective information and communication technology (ICT) systems.” Interoperability should not be confused with other related concepts: Integration, which is a means of changing loosely-coupled systems to make them into more tightly-coupled systems. Compatibility, which is more about the interchangeability of tools in a particular context Adaptability, which is a means of changing a tool, adding additional capabilities as needed even on an ad-hoc basis, whereas interoperability refers to inherent capabilities It is also worth noting that interoperability is neither ad-hoc, nor unilateral (nor even bilateral) in nature. Rather, it is best understood as a shared value of a community. Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

25. EIF interoperability recommended level Political: A favourable political context, with cooperating partners having compatible visions, aligned priorities and focusing on the same objectives; Legal: The appropriate synchronization of the legislation in the cooperating Member State including the fact that electronic data originating in any given Member State is accorded to proper legal weight and recognition wherever it needs to be used in other Member State; Organisational: Aligned, synchronised or otherwise compatible processes by which different organisations such as different public administrations collaborate to achieve their mutually beneficial, mutually agreed eGovernment service-related goals; Semantic: Ensuring that the precise meaning of exchanged information (concept, organisation, services, etc) is preserved and well-understood by the concerned parties; Technical: The technical issues involved in linking computer systems and services (open interfaces, interconnection services, data integration, middleware, data presentation and exchange, accessibility and security services …). This also includes any necessary harmonization that might be needed to eliminate legal barriers impeding interoperability Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

26. European Interoperability stack Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

27. Interoperability Framework in Europe Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

28. The shared services’ models • There is not an unanimously accepted definition of shared services. • In the contest of e-government, looking the ICT services, the more common • shared services are the applications, company independents, like account, finance, human resource, goods’ managements. But, thanks to the technology innovation and process’ standardization, now a day there are many kind of shared services. • On the other hand, general benefit of shared services are: better accountability, savings, quality enhancement related to shared services, flexibility, time to market or reduction of set up time, risk reduction, sharing of experience. • In e-government, shared service are also used for subsidiary actions Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

29. The shared services’ categories Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

30. Introduction to Italian public interoperability framework and related services PART 2: Inside the Italian contest

31. Table of contents • PART 2 • The principles of ICT coordination • The digital administration code (CAD) • SPC: legal and organizational aspects • SPC: interoperability service • The industrial plan for innovation • The public private partnerships Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

32. The Federalism Federalism is the theory or advocacy of federal political orders, where final authority is divided between sub-units and a center. Unlike a unitary state, sovereignty is constitutionally split between at least two territorial levels so that units at each level have final authority and can act independently of the others in some area. The allocation of authority between the sub-units and center may vary. The sub-units may also participate in central decision-making bodies. Much recent philosophical attention is spurred by renewed political interest in federalism, coupled with empirical findings concerning the requisites and legitimate basis for stability and trust among citizens in federations. In some areas, like Canada, Australia and Europe, federal arrangements, on a philosophical point of view, are seen as interesting solutions to accommodating differences among populations divided by ethnic or cultural cleavages. Federalism is a continuous process in which central government defines his competencies, the principles, the regulation process and then … passes the administrative competencies to the second level of administration. Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

33. The Italian Costitution Article 117 [State and Regional Legislative Power] • Legislative power belongs to the state and the regions in accordance with the constitution and within the limits set by european union law and international obligations. • The state has exclusive legislative power in the following matters: • … • r) weights, units of measurement and time standards; coordination of the informative, statistical and information-technology aspects of the data of the state, regional and local administrations; intellectual property Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

34. The Italian Costitution Article 117 [State and Regional Legislative Power] (3) The following matters are subject to concurrent legislation of both the state and regions: International and European union relations of the regions; foreign trade; protection and safety of labor; education, without infringement of the autonomy of schools and other institutions, and with the exception of vocational training; professions; scientific and technological research and support for innovation in the productive sectors; health protection; food; sports regulations; disaster relief service; land-use regulation and planning; harbours and civil airports; major transportation and navigation networks; regulation of media and communication; production, transportation and national distribution of energy; complementary and integrative pensions systems; harmonization of the budgetary rules of the public sector and coordination of the public finance and the taxation system; promotion of the environmental and cultural heritage, and promotion and organization of cultural activities; savings banks, rural co-operative banks, regional banks; regional institutions for credit to agriculture and land development.In matters of concurrent legislation, the regions have legislative power except for fundamental principles which are reserved to state law. Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

35. e-Government’s targets and organization Government needs in answer to Society’s behaviour ICT organisation and governance CAD : the DigitalAdministration Code Next future Fast response to unespected situations SPC: EnterpriseArchitecturesmodel and services Legal Framework ICT organisation government Political target: Increase: Savings, Security & Social inclusion Technical multi domain Interoperability E-GOVERNMENT INNOVATION PLAN Easy services tayloring to specific needs Domain interoperability Data semantic Data semantic User centric services Security Security Application Application Employment Healthcare Now Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

36. The legal Italy IF: the digitaladministration code (CAD) Law n. 82 issued in 2005, updated in 2006, 2007, 2008 CAD CAD F O U N D A T I O N S F O U N D A T I O N S Software reuse & standards Software reuse & standards Access services & Portals Nationwidedatabases and Public registers Electronic documents (DigitalSign, Elect. Certified mail, Storage) Nationwidedatabases and Public registers Electronic documents (DigitalSign, Elect. Certified mail, Storage) Payments (contract, invoices, accounts) Processintegrationofmultidomainservices SPC SPC Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

37. CAD’s SPC definition /1 1 In compliance with Article 117(2)(r) of the Constitution, and in compliance with the autonomy of the internal organisation of the information functions of the regions and local autonomies, the public connection system, hereinafter referred to as “SPC”, shall be defined and regulated in order to ensure information and computer coordination of data between central, regional and local administrations and to promote uniformity in the creation and transmission of data, intended for the exchange and dissemination of information between public administrations and the creation of integrated services. Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

38. CAD’s SPC definition /2 • The SPC is all the technological infrastructures and technical regulations for the development, sharing, integration and dissemination of public administration information assets and data, necessary to ensure the basic and advanced interoperability and application cooperation of computer systems and data flows, guaranteeing the security and confidentiality of information, as well as the autonomous protection of the information assets of each public administration. • The SPC shall be created in compliance with the following principles: • a) architectural and organisational development suitable to ensure the federated, polycentric and non-hierarchical nature of the system; • b) inexpensiveness in the use of network, interoperability and application cooperation support services; • c) development of the market and competition in the information and communication technology sector. Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

39. SPC governance Starts its atctivities in 2006 • 17 members: • 8 appointed by the Assembly of local government • 8 by Central Government • CNIPA’s President (chief of SPC board) Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

40. The legal SPC items • Scope • Standards’ promotion • Uniform and nationwide user centered services • Savings • Federate PAs’ ICT infrastructures • Governance • Defines the lifecycle of the technical framework • Regulations compliance (standards, quality, security) • Promote interoperability and more effective and uniform service in all the areas of the country • Board • Technical Framework (well defined in a Prime Minister’s decree) • Technical guidelines • Reference documents • Tools for compliance verifications • National shared infrastructures: registry, service’s directory, Id Mgmt • Security management • Subsidiary actions • Technical infrastructures • Compliance • Public tenders and related mandatory constraint • Shared services • the cooperation among administrations carried out on SPC, with the tools of SPC and its technical rules, has legal value • the public IT managers have to organize their Information Systems, also regarding organizational aspects, in order to accommodate SPC standards and recommendations. Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

41. SPC Framework’s servicesforinteroperability • Network level • QXN - Qualified neutral access points • QoS control • Voip gateway • MXN - Mobile exchange node (in progress) • Security • Gov cert & local cert • CA and Bridge CA • FIM - Attribute authority registry service • FIM - Authority Registry service • Application level • RS - Registry services • DIR - Personnel and Organizations directories • CAT - Schemas and Ontologies catalogue • SAM - Service agreements management • Compliance services • Model of services • Instance of services availables in 2006-2007 • FIM in detail • law decree • model (document) • interfaces (SAML 2) for • web interactions and • ws interactions • root services • discovery services • compliance services availables in 2006-2008 )for federate identity mgmt availables in 2005-2008 )also domain agreements availables in 2007-2008 Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

42. Use of Italian NIF in different domains Domain Employment Health Business Service provider Healthassistance Employment comunications Business comunications New valued service Regions Employers Ministry of industry Ministry of health Organizations Employment agencies Chambers of commerce Health organizations Regions Welfare agencies Ministry of labour Welfare agencies Employment agencies Welfare agencies Tax agency FIM RS SA SAM SPC Interoperability Tools & Services (design and run time) SA SA DIR FIM CAT QXN BCA VGW QXN DIR QXN RS=Registro SA=accordi di servizio CAT=catalogo schemi e ontologie FIM=gestione federata identità digitali QXN=qulified exch net Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

43. Use of Italian NIF for shared and PPP services GW-Voip ASP 1 Web mgmt Associations SPC qualified network provider 2 SPC qualified network provider 1 It. National mail services ASP 3 CG-SPC Private network (POP) QXN Gov-CERT SPC qualified network provider 3 SPC qualified community network Banks CG-SPCoop ASP 2 Legenda of SPC’s service centres: National shared infrastructure for interoperability Local shared services National shared services Private shared services Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

44. SPC key focus • Wide legal framework for both central and local administrations • Governance’s high commitment • Shared governance • Technical mandatory constraint and responsibility • Services for guaranteeing interoperability and for compliance verification • Subsidiary actions and shared services • Participations of PAs, ICT market, Universities and research centres • Transparency • Reuse • PPP services Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

45. Lesson learnt Subsidiary actions and ICT market alignment are essential Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

46. Guidelines on the reform of Public Administration – Industrial plan Background Modernizing Public Administration (PA) is a key issue for the Country as a whole, because of: The considerable “quantitative” aspects at stake against a backdrop of visible and severe competitive weakness of the economic system (it is estimated that a 10% increase in PA efficiency would result in a 2 percentage points rise of GDP). The specific characteristics of the Italian private undertaking (small-sized, family-owned, export-oriented, concentration in the manufacturing sector and in medium market segments, high input cost, etc.. ). Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

47. Guidelines on the reform of Public Administration – Industrial plan Background 2 Within the Italian PA there is a latent and unspoken potential of productivity, which is extraordinary for its dimension and easy access, and whose use is an immediate responsibility of the Government, of the social actors, of the economic categories and of the whole civil society. On the one side, it is estimated that – in the medium term (3-5 years) – it is possible to increase productivity by 20%, thus generating economic resources for almost €40bn, without adverse effects in terms of social fabric and employment. On the other side, it is estimated that a steady rise in PA efficiency, in turn, would boost the private sector, whose cost system is today affected by an implicit, burdensome and uneven “bureaucratic inefficiency”. Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

48. Guidelines on the reform of Public Administration – Industrial plan • DIGITALIZING PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONS /1 • By means of regulatory, infrastructural and technological instruments available to date, the following guiding principles will have to be concretely implemented: • A full sharing and interoperability of databases of various central and local administrations will need to become a reality. Public Administration will thus be able to act as a single interlocutor vis-à-vis citizens and companies. • Citizens and companies will not be asked anymore to provide data which are already available to public administrations. As a consequence, the one-stop-shop system will have to become a generalized practice. Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

49. Guidelines on the reform of Public Administration – Industrial plan • DIGITALIZING PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONS /2 • Citizens shall be granted to a single tool for access to health and tax services (personal identification code). • Any service available in digital support shall not be provided in paper. • Administrations abolish the use of paper (dematerialization). • A call-center systems will guide citizens and businesses through new services. • Citizens will resort to public services through a set of help lines (so called friendly network) that will ensure proximity and user-friendliness. To this end, networks ensuring total coverage will be competing and overlapping with one another. Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework

50. An example of ppp services: the “Friendly Networks” The project “Friendly Networks” (Reti Amiche in Italian) aims to offer to citizens, in friendly conditions, services of (or direct to) public administrations. Friendly conditions means that services are available in different places and hours, using private networks daily connected to people. “Friendly Networks” (FN) works in competition, assuring privacy and security conditions, without any cost for public Administration. FN are selected on the basis of the previous features, and, as defined in the agreements, FN commit themselves on service’s quality and accuracy. The project also aims to share from public to private, and viceversa, the best practices and to improve the quality of networks (when network stands for service and not only transmission services). The project also reflects the government strategy to reduce digital divide. Rome, March 3d 2008 The Italian Public Interoperability Framework