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Quality issues in survey-to-administrative data: SBS statistics of microenterprises in Slovakia

This paper discusses the quality issues encountered in using administrative data for the production of SBS statistics of microenterprises in Slovakia and proposes solutions to improve the estimates.

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Quality issues in survey-to-administrative data: SBS statistics of microenterprises in Slovakia

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  1. Quality issues on the way from survey to administrative data: the case of SBS statistics of microenterprises in Slovakia Andrej Vallo, Andrea Bielakova Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic Helsinki, 5th May 2010

  2. Background Quality in OfficialStatistics2010 • Official statistics in the Slovak Republic based predominantly on surveys • Use of administrative data for production of statistics limited • some in National Accounts and Social Statistics • General trends present in Slovakia • users’ demands vs. budget constraints and respondent burden • re-use of available data expected by respondents • If high quality and low costs are to be achieved, then production system based only on surveys is not sustainable • Adopted strategy: extensive use of administrative data • Starting with the most problematic survey: annual SBS survey of microenterprises

  3. Quality issues in SBS statistics Quality in Official Statistics 2010 Three annual SBS surveys Survey of microenterprises – data not published due to quality issues Low response rate, large proportion of allegedly inactive units, estimates likely to be biased

  4. Outline of a solution Quality in Official Statistics 2010 • Target solution: Use of annual income tax returns data for • replacement of the survey (complete or partial), or • improvement of the estimates • Building on Phare project – complete documentation of available administrative data sources (content, structure, maintenance and accessibility) • First step: a feasibility study • if and how the tax data can be used for SBS • Assessment of the tax data quality - essential precondition of success • Administrative data quality assessment framework was needed

  5. Administrative data quality assessment frameworks Quality in Official Statistics 2010 • Lack of generally adopted AD quality assessment framework • Different approaches: • Development of theoretical background (Wallgren and Wallgren, 2007) • General rules and recommendations (Eurostat 2003, Statistics Finland 2007, UNECE 2008, ESQR 2009, EHQR 2009...) • Individual countries’ quality assessment frameworks (ONS, Statistics Netherlands, Istat...) • Diverse selection of dimensions, diverse understanding of dimensions and various indicators • different degree of correspondence to Code of Practice • different degree of standardisation and formalisation • Input oriented and output oriented indicators

  6. A feasibility study of tax data use for production of statistics Quality in Official Statistics 2010 • Selection and prioritisation of indicators • Input oriented indicators • no experience with production of statistics from the data • Core indicators (necessary conditions): • Coverage and linkability of the data • Availability and comparability of the variables • Additional indicators: • Target population • Definition and identification of survey units • Timeliness and reference period • Structure and format of the data • Metadata and clarity

  7. Coverage and linkability issues Quality in Official Statistics 2010 • Tax returns data come in four separate files • Main Form, Profit & Loss Statements, Balance Sheets, Tax Register • Different identifiers: Unique identifiers of taxpayers different from universally used identifiers of enterprises • the link between them established in the Tax Register • Overcoverage in the Main Forms data • linking with data from Statistical Business Register needed for selection of the units from target population • Undercoverage in the P & L Statements and Balance Sheets • available for 55% of the target population • Incompleteness of the Tax Register (80% of the units) • Errors in links between the identifier systems

  8. Availability of variables (turnover related) Scopeofthevariables Levelof detail in the variables Quality in Official Statistics 2010

  9. Comparability of variables • Comparison of the values of Total turnover provided in the survey and in the tax return (P & L Statement) • Definitions of the variables correspond to each other exactly • The values differ in almost 40% of the comparisons Distribution of non-zero differences less than 10% Quality in Official Statistics 2010

  10. Conclusions and next steps Quality in Official Statistics 2010 • The identified issues do not allow to use the data directly • The Tax register has to be completed and errors in links removed • Further checks have to be applied to ensure internal consistency of the tax data • Models for estimation of missing variables have to be designed afterwards • This will be done in three steps: • Estimation of variables from the P & L statements for the units where these data is missing to ensure complete and correct administrative data • Editing of the data to ensure consistency between tax data and survey data • Estimation of variables for SBS and National Accounts

  11. Thank you for your attention... comments, questions or suggestions are warmly welcome  Quality in Official Statistics 2010

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