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Tsunamis Detection

Learn how Tsunameter's sophisticated mechanism, architecture, and underwater monitoring module with surface buoy system can detect anomalies, disseminate critical information, and minimize tsunami disaster impact. Explore the system functionalities and its role in saving lives and property.

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Tsunamis Detection

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  1. Tsunamis Detection

  2. Tsunamis Detection • The Mission • Tsunamis Detection can help to minimize loss of life and property from future tsunamis. Mission Introduction Mechanism Architecture Underwater Monitoring Module Surface Buoy System Functionalities Detection of an anomaly Information Dissemination Conclusion Web Resources

  3. Introduction • Tsunamis Detection: • Tsunami disaster detection technologies • Information dissemination technologies Mission Introduction Mechanism Architecture Underwater Monitoring Module Surface Buoy System Functionalities Detection of an anomaly Information Dissemination Conclusion Web Resources

  4. Tsunamis Detection • Tsunami disaster detection technologies • Earthquakes cannot be predicted, resulting tsunamis can be detected by seabed monitors and ocean buoys leaving adequate time for evacuation. • Information dissemination technologies • However, the technology is a minor part of the solution. A mechanism needs to be in place to interpret alerts, relay the warning to local communities and enable them to undertake quick action. Mission Introduction Mechanism Architecture Underwater Monitoring Module Surface Buoy System Functionalities Detection of an anomaly Information Dissemination Conclusion Web Resources

  5. Let’s take a look on an example of the overall mechanism of the Tsunamis Detection…. Mission Introduction Mechanism Architecture Underwater Monitoring Module Surface Buoy Ssystem Functionalities Detection of an anomaly Information Dissemination Conclusion Web Resources

  6. TSUNAMETER -- Architecture • The system is composed of the following main parts: • In underwater monitoring module (UM) installed at the sea bed; • 2. A surface buoy (SB) moored in the area of the UM; • 3. An “in water” communication segment connecting the UM with SB; • 4. An onshore centre (OC) hosting a standard PC server; • 5. A satellite communication segment connecting SB and OC.. • *Envirtech Tsunami Warning System as our reference. Mission Introduction Mechanism Architecture Underwater Monitoring Module Surface Buoy System Functionalities Detection of an anomaly Information Dissemination Conclusion Web Resources

  7. TSUNAMETER -- Underwater Monitoring Module (UM) • Two different classes of underwater modules to comply with different types of applications. • They differ for the instrumentation embedded, in consideration of the distance between the  tsunami-genic sources and the most close coastal regions. • The maximum deployment distance is more than 1000 Km off shore. The maximum deployment depth is 5000 meters. Mission Introduction Mechanism Architecture Underwater Monitoring Module Surface Buoy System Functionalities Detection of an anomaly Information Dissemination Conclusion Web Resources

  8. TSUNAMETER – Surface Buoy The SB  is composed by a metallic pole and a foam body having a diameter of 1.45 m. The main parts installed on the buoy are:  1. The electronic box containing the SB Data Acquisition and Communication System (SB-DACS) relied on the same type of electronics of the UM; 2. An autonomous power supply system composed of 3 photovoltaic panels (12V- 50W each) and a gel battery pack (12V- 400Ah); 3. A magneto-inductive surface modem or the acoustic modem for the data link with the underwater unit; 4. A satellite modem Inmarsat C for reliable data connection with the Onshore Centre (OC). Mission Introduction Mechanism Architecture Underwater Monitoring Module Surface Buoy System Functionalities Detection of an anomaly Information Dissemination Conclusion Web Resources

  9. Tsunameter -- System Functionalities The TWS provides the main basic functionalities listed below: 1. Continuous measurement of the sea bottom pressure with a rate of 15s, 30s, 1min, 2min, 5min selectable be the user in the OC. Optional monitoring of earthquakes occurence. 2. On line processing of the pressure data with a digital Kalman filter to detect a frequency component typical of a tsunami: the thresholds for the detection of tsunami waves can be configured by the OC user. Mission Introduction Mechanism Architecture Underwater Monitoring Module Surface Buoy System Functionalities Detection of an anomaly Information Dissemination Conclusion Web Resources

  10. Tsunameter -- System Functionalities • The beginning of a possible event is automatically triggered by the pressure sensors (able to detect earthquake waves) and also by the hydrophone/seismometer if installed in UM. • The UM can start the tsunami detection algorithm also on user request from the OC in case of identification of seismic activity in the interested area. • Daily synchronisation of the SB and UM clock with the GPS. • Self-diagnostic and periodical notification to the OC. Mission Introduction Mechanism Architecture Underwater Monitoring Module Surface Buoy System Functionalities Detection of an anomaly Information Dissemination Conclusion Web Resources

  11. Tsunameter -- System Functionalities 7. Internal logging in UM and SB of all acquired data, all detected events, all diagnostic status and exchanged messages (black box). 8. Remote configuration of the UM (change of communication settings, filtering parameters, on/off of sensors and devices, software updating). 9. Reception of commands from OC and notification of its execution; 10. Reception of data request from OC and reply with the requested data. Mission Introduction Mechanism Architecture Underwater Monitoring Module Surface Buoy System Functionalities Detection of an anomaly Information Dissemination Conclusion Web Resources

  12. Tsunameter -- Detection of an anomaly The main scenario in case of detection of an anomaly in the pressure signal is the following:  • The UM-DACS in its standardoperating mode IDLE MODE detects an unexpected variation in the pressure signal; 2. A notification message is sent to the OC and the UM-MODULE changes in the new status ALARM MODE; 3. In ALARM MODE the UM sends periodically a message to the OC: on request the user in the OC can transfer all pressure data acquired in ALARM MODE. Mission Introduction Mechanism Architecture Underwater Monitoring Module Surface Buoy System Functionalities Detection of an anomaly Information Dissemination Conclusion Web Resources

  13. Tsunameter -- Detection of an anomaly 4. In case of detection of a tsunami events (frequency component in the range 0.01..0.0005Hz) an TSUNAMI DETECTION message is sent to the OC. 5. The user in the OC can verify the pressure data acquired during the ALARM MODE to validate the alarm condition and to verify its amplitude. 6. After the decrease of the tsunami wave components under some minimal threshold (parameter remotely configurable by the OC user) and after a period of some hours (parameter remotely configurable by the OC user), the UM chages from ALARM MODE to IDLE MODE. Mission Introduction Mechanism Architecture Underwater Monitoring Module Surface Buoy System Functionalities Detection of an anomaly Information Dissemination Conclusion Web Resources

  14. Information Dissemination The Tsunami Alarm System receives earthquake and tsunami warning information from a multiplicity of seismic measuring stations and tsunami warning stations from different countries. Mission Introduction Mechanism Architecture Underwater Monitoring Module Surface Buoy System Functionalities Detection of an anomaly Information Dissemination Conclusion Web Resources Alarm being sent to your mobile telephone

  15. Information Dissemination Mission Introduction Mechanism Architecture Underwater Monitoring Module Surface Buoy System Functionalities Detection of an anomaly Information Dissemination Conclusion Web Resources Where does the Tsunami Alarm System work? The Tsunami Alarm System works everywhere in the world covered by the GSM network !

  16. Conclusion: Key Components to an ideal Tsunami Warning and Response System: 1. Risk Assessment 2. Detection 3. Warning 4. Response Plan 5. Ready Public 6. Situational Awareness 7. Lessons Learned Mission Introduction Mechanism Architecture Underwater Monitoring Module Surface Buoy System Functionalities Detection of an anomaly Information Dissemination Conclusion Web Resources

  17. Web Resources • http://www.envirtech.org/envirtech_tsunameter.htm • http://www.noaa.gov/tsunamis.html • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsunami_warning_system • http://www.tsunami.noaa.gov/warning_system_works.html • http://topics.developmentgateway.org • http://www.envirtech.org/envirtech_tsunameter.htm Mission Introduction Mechanism Architecture Underwater Monitoring Module Surface Buoy System Functionalities Detection of an anomaly Information Dissemination Conclusion Web Resources

  18. Mission Introduction Mechanism Architecture Underwater Monitoring Module Surface Buoy System Functionalities Detection of an anomaly Information Dissemination Conclusion Web Resources With the Tsunamis Detection, no fear visiting the coast all over the world !

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