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The SuperB Project

The SuperB Project. Marcello A. Giorgi Università di Pisa INFN Pisa. Outline. Introduction The physics case in the era of LHC Accelerator : SuperB is not just an upgrade of the present BFactories it is a: SUPER FLAVOR FACTORY The Detector The process. Successful Flavour Physics.

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The SuperB Project

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  1. The SuperB Project Marcello A. GiorgiUniversità di Pisa INFN Pisa Marcello A. Giorgi

  2. Outline • Introduction • The physics case in the era of LHC • Accelerator : SuperB is not just an upgrade of the present BFactories it is a: SUPER FLAVOR FACTORY • The Detector • The process Marcello A. Giorgi

  3. Successful Flavour Physics Great results in Flavor Physics have been obtained in the past few years both in the lepton and hadron sectors. PEPII and KEKB BFactories together with K and neutrino experiments have played an important role . Direct CP violation in K sector, ruling out superweak models, was firstly established at Cern in Na31 and Na48 experiments . Babar and Belle have discovered CP violation in b sector and measured sin2b in 2001, the direct CP violation in B decay in 2004, and the mixing in 2007. Marcello A. Giorgi

  4. Great success of accelerator physics Total > 1.1ab−1 Design Lumi Design Lumi PEP-II (BaBar) KEKB (Belle) 400fb-1 710fb-1 Marcello A. Giorgi

  5. CKM Unitarity Triangle Before Bfactories One example of CKM information coming only by sides measurements NOW! Marcello A. Giorgi

  6. CP Violation and the Unitarity Triangle   Goal of the B Factories is to overconstrain the apex (r,h) and look for inconsistencies → New Physics! Sidesare determined from the rates for various processes “The” Unitarity Triangle Anglesare determined from CP-violating asymmetries Area is proportional to the amount of CP violation Length of each side ~ O(l3) Marcello A Giorgi

  7. DsJ*(2317)+ DsJ(2460)+ c2’ Y(3940)J/ X(3872)J/ eeJ/ X(3940) NOT ONLY B!DsJ and many other intriguing new particles…… ICHEP06 Hot topic 2004: Mass and width are far from predicted New DK state(s) at 2.86GeV/c2 X Y Z Ds2(2573)+ ? eeY(4350) ? eeJ/ X(3940) Evident new resonance at 2.86GeV/c2 Hints of a broad state at 2.69GeV/c2 Marcello A. Giorgi

  8. Most recent the D0 MIXING in Babar and Belle x’= (0.85+0.32-0.31)% y’= (0.71+0.20-0.22)% (HFAG- D.Asner) cosd = 0.40+0.23-0.31 x=0,y=0 is excluded at 5 s CPV is indication of NP as x>>y L=380 fb-1 No Mixing Marcello A. Giorgi

  9. The Physics case DATA SAMPLE: 5÷10 1010 B Bbar pair and a same order of t and c-cbar pair. Possibility of special runs with luminosity 1035 cm-2 s-1 at Ecm=4GeV. Possibility of at least one polarized beam. Marcello A. Giorgi

  10. SuperB Physics case • There is a solid case for a SuperB collecting between 50 and 100 ab-1 ( 5. 1010 -10 11 B, charm, t pair) • Precision measurements allowing to detect discrepancies from the standard model • Reduced theoretical uncertainties will allow this in many channels • Rare decay measurements • Lepton flavour violation, Tviolation in tau, tau anomalous magnetic moment. • In addition: possibility to run at tau/charm threshold, polarized beam • Complementarity with LHC has been studied in the CERN workshop Flavour Physics in the era of LHC . • (M.Mangano,T.Hurth to be published soon as CERN yellow report) • See in addition to SuperB CDR: • The Discovery Potential of a Super B Factory (Slac-R-709) • Letter of Intent for KEK Super B Factory (KEK Report 2004-4 ) • Physics at Super B Factory (hep-ex/0406071) • SuperB report (hep-ex/0512235) • Many documents available at the URL : www.pi.infn.it/SuperB • BUT MORE IMPORTANT…… THE UNEXPECTED DISCOVERY FROM A FRONTIER MACHINE Marcello A. Giorgi

  11. UTfit as now and with SuperB Triangle vertex Determined by N.P. free processes With 50 ab-1 gis measured at 1° level 50 ab-1 1 ab-1 • Theoretical uncertainties on sides could be reduced: (V.Lubicz, SuperB IV Villa Mondragone nov.2006) • Vub : 2% (excl.) 2% (incl.)Vcb : 1% (excl.) 0.5% (incl.) Marcello A. Giorgi

  12. n experiments, gm-2, mgeg, etc. LHC, ILC Many Models Mass spectrum, interactions n mass and mixing, CPV, and LFV Flavor mixing, CP phases LHCb, K experiments… WHERE from NP? Energy frontier New physics Lepton sector • LFV, t CPV Quark sector Marcello A. Giorgi

  13. The case for a high luminosity flavour factory • Prejudice: if there is New Physics at the TeV scale it must have a flavor/CP structure • New heavy quanta can be detected through precision measurement of processes involving loop diagrams • Statistics of O(50 ab-1) is necessary to reduce the experimental error below the theoretical uncertainty for the most sensitive analyses • Physics reach is complementary to LHC-LHCb: • many rare decays are not accessible at LHC; • sensitivity to off-diagonal term of squark mixing matrix, • test of LFV , CP violation studies and anomalous magnetic moment measurements in t , also thanks to the beam polarization. Marcello A. Giorgi

  14. NEW PHYSICS AT • DF=1 • DF=2 • LFV in t , t magnetic structure • CP and CPT in t Marcello A. Giorgi

  15. Theory tends to predict positive shifts (originating from phase in Vts) DF=1ICHEP06: b from bgs Penguins Naïve average of all b g s modes sin2beff = 0.52 ± 0.05 2.6 s deviation between penguin and tree (b g s) (b g c) More statistics crucial for mode-by-mode studies! Marcello A. Giorgi

  16. NP in Box Diagram (Mixing/FCNC) Contributions BSM can show in these processes. If prametrise with amplitude C and phase fDF=2 mixing process, C=1 an f=0 are in SM Marcello A. Giorgi

  17. Present constaraints on NP for DF=2 processes From Bd mixing Now SuperB with 75 ab-1 zoooom Marcello A. Giorgi

  18. Various hypothesis on NP Minimal Flavor Violation: • No NP couplings with Flavor • CP violation from SM Yukawa couplings • Several NP scenarios in MFV:1HDM/2HDM,MSSM, ADD, .. MFV sensitive up to 6 L0 (14 TeV) Doesn’t require to match L of EWBS. 2HDM allows for Btn NPwith small tanb at m<1 TeV Marcello A. Giorgi

  19. B leptonic decays Paradisi, Masiero, Petronzio ’05, Isidori, Paradisi ’06 Test of t/m universality O(10%) Enhancement in GUT-SUSY models Precision with 50 ab-1 at SuperB ~ 7% Large tanb makes possible search above several TeV Marcello A. Giorgi

  20. Lepton Flavor Violation in t decay Marcello A. Giorgi

  21. t CP ,CPT violation A.Bevan Hadron 07 (oct.2007) Marcello A. Giorgi

  22. D0 mixing • Recent measurements from Babar and Belle demonstrated Bfactory capabilities in charm physics • Possibility to measure CP violation in the charm sector 1month Marcello A. Giorgi

  23. Physics reach on B mesons at SuperB From ’05 T.Iijima talk 5ab-1 SuperB 50ab-1 SuperB 2fb-1 LHCb CPV (bs) FCNC W/n CKM Marcello A. Giorgi

  24. SuperB runs at Y5s ΔΓs, possible • No Bs mixing Bs -> μμ YES • Only partially integrated Asl(s) YES time dependentasymmetries Bs -> γγ YES Super B factory and Super LHCb: SuperB numbers from M Hazumi - Flavour in LHC era workshop; LHCb numbers from Muheim CDF numbers from Ristori Sensitivity Comparison ~2020 LHCb 100 fb-1 vs Super-B factory 50 ab-1 Bstime dependent analysis onlyfor LHCB CDF an important player • LHCb • Super B Common No IP, Neutrals, , only for SuperB Marcello A. Giorgi

  25. The e+ e- machine Marcello A. Giorgi

  26. Super-Factories Factories Storage rings e+e- colliders M.Biagini EPS 07 Marcello A. Giorgi

  27. Summary from Oide’s talk at 2005 2nd Hawaii SuperBF Workshop • Present design of SuperKEKB (SAME CONSIDERATIONS FOR PEPII) hits fundamental limits in the beam-beam effect and the bunch length (HOM & CSR)1. Higher current is the only way to increase the luminosity . • Many technical and cost issues are expected with a new RF system We need a completely different collider scheme..... • “Just” increasing the current of PEP-II/KEKB is expensive • wall power • detector background explosion • effective limitation on present detector technology • around 5x1035 1High order modes, Coherent Synchrotron Radiation Marcello A. Giorgi

  28. Basic concepts • B-factories reachs already very high luminosity (~1034 s-1 cm-2 ). To increase of ~ two orders of magnitude (KeKB-SuperKeKB) it is possible to extrapolate the requirements from the current machines: Parameters : • Higher currents • Smaller damping time (f(exp1/3)) • Shorter bunches • Crab collision • Higher Disruption • Higher power • SuperKeKB Proposal is based on these concepts SuperKEKB (3 factors to High Lumi) Increase of plug power ($$$$$..) and hard to operate (high current, short bunches) look for alternatives keeping constant the luminosity => new IP scheme: Large Piwinsky Angle and CRAB WAIST Marcello A. Giorgi

  29. Ultra-low emittance (ILC-DR like) Very small b at IP Large crossing angle “Crab Waist”scheme Small collision area Lower b ispossible NO parasitic crossings NO synchro-betatron resonances due to crossing angle P. Raimondi’s idea to focus more the beams at IP and have a “large” crossing angle  large Piwinski angle A new idea... Test at DAFNE this November !!! Marcello A. Giorgi

  30. Overlap region sx sz Y sz y waist can be moved along z with a sextupole on both sides of IP at proper phase “Crab Waist” sx Large crossing angle, small x-size 1) Head-on, Short bunches 2) Large crossing angle, long bunches With large crossing angle the x and z planes are swapped (1) and (2) have same Luminosity, but (2) has longer bunches and smaller sx Large Piwinski angle: F = tg(q)sz/sx Marcello A. Giorgi

  31. Here is Luminosity gain IP beam distributions for KEKB An example... Marcello A. Giorgi IP beam distributions forSuperB

  32. SuperKEKB scheme SuperKEKB is a more conventional machine, with a maximum peak luminosity that can approach 1036 cm2 s-1 , but high circulating current is driving a wall power ≥80 MW and some severe limitation on detector due to the background. Good relations between SuperB and SuperKEKB communities.( Simulation of SuperB made at KEK, cross participation at the workshops..) Marcello A. Giorgi

  33. Comparison between machines Marcello A. Giorgi

  34. Machine parameters • Present parameter set based on ILCDR-like parameters 3.0 Km long rings studied with ILC OCS (Baseline) lattice scaled to 4 and 7 GeV • Same DR emittances • Same DR bunch length • 1.5 times DR bunch charges • Same ILC-IP betas • Crossing angle and “crab waist” to maximize luminosity and minimize blowup • Test will start in Nov 2007 on DAFNE. • Use PEP-KEK DR damping time 17ms • Fewer and lower field wigglers used • Final Focus (ILC-like) included • Design based on recycling all PEP-II hardware, Bends, Quads and Sexts, and RF system • Corresponds to a lot of money • Maximize Luminosity keeping low DE and wall power. • Total power: 35 MW, as in PEP-II • Simulations performed in many places and different codes: • LNF,BINP,KEK,LAL,CERN Marcello A. Giorgi

  35. Upgradeable 1036 SuperB can operate at 4.0 GeV c.o.m Energy at luminosity 1035 A preliminary estimate of Wall Power is non unreasonable Current as is now in PEPII (can manage Background !) One polarized beam (e-) is considered for tau edm and CP studies The possibility of adding polarized positron is under study. LUMINOSITY is upgradeable Number of particles/bunch M. Zobov, D. Shatilov Marcello A. Giorgi

  36. The Detector Marcello A. Giorgi

  37. Babar and Belle designs have proven to be very effective for B-Factory physics Follow the same ideas for SuperB detector Try to reuse same components as much as possible Main issues Machine backgrounds – not much larger than in Babar/Belle Beam energy asymmetry – a bit smaller Strong interaction with machine design A SuperB detector is possible with today’s technology Baseline is reusing large (expensive) parts of Babar (or Belle) Quartz bars of the DIRC Barrel EMC CsI(Tl) crystal and mechanical structure Superconducting coil and flux return yoke. Some areas require moderate R&D and engineering developments to improve performance Small beam pipe technology Thin silicon pixel detector for first layer Drift chamber CF mechanical structure, gas and cell size Photon detection for DIRC quartz bars Forward PID system (TOF or focusing RICH) Forward calorimeter crystals (LSO) Minos-style scintillator for Instrumented flux return Electronics and trigger – need to revise Bfactory “½-track” trigger style Computing – large data amount More details in: www.pi.infn.it/SuperB/node/159 - SuperB Italy Meeting on detector R&D indico.lal.in2p3.fr/conferenceDisplay.py?confId=167 – Paris workshop (May 9-11) Detector Marcello A. Giorgi

  38. Detector Layout – Reuse parts of Babar (or Belle) BASELINE OPTION Marcello A. Giorgi

  39. The Process Marcello A. Giorgi

  40. The SuperB Process • International SuperB Study Group on • Physics case, Machine, Detector • International steering committee established, chaired by M.A.G.. Members from • Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Russia, Spain, UK, US • Regular interaction with Japan, although not formalized • Regular workshops • Five workshop held (2 in Frascati, 1 in SLAC, 1 Villa Mondragone, 1 Paris) • SuperB Meeting at Daresbury • Accelerator retreat at SLAC in 2006 • Accelerator Retreat at SLAC Sep 17-21, 2007 • Conceptual Design Report • Ready, printed and distributed. • Describe Physics case, Accelerator, Detector, including costing • International review ongoing • More information: www.pi.infn.it/SuperB • http://www.pi.infn.it/SuperB/seminars Marcello A. Giorgi

  41. CDR Ready !!!! The CDR of SuperB is ready! INFN/AE-07/02, SLAC-R-856, LAL 07-15 Available at: www.pi.infn.it/SuperB arxiv.org/abs/0709.0451 476 pages Printed and available Copies can be requested from Lucia.Lilli@pi.infn.it Marcello A. Giorgi

  42. Signatures breakdown by country Signatures: some numbers • 320 Signatures; 85 institutions • 174 Babar members • 65 non Babar exper. Marcello A. Giorgi

  43. CDR Review & Next Steps • An International Review Committee has been appointed by INFN. • John Dainton – UK/Daresbury, chair • Jacques Lefrancois – F/Orsay • Antonio Masiero – I/Padova • Rolf Heuer – D/ Desy • Daniel Schulte – CERN • Abe Seiden – USA/UCSC • Young-Kee Kim – USA/FNAL • Hiroaki Aihara – Japan/Tokyo • The review is scheduled for Nov 12-13, 2007. • A first report is expected january 2008 (Meanwhile a “Physics Retreat” to update the physics case in Valencia January 7-15,2008) • The final report foreseen in spring 2008 • After the results of the LNF test of crab waist foreseen in fall 2007 • Already presented to ECFA in the summer • Very positive reaction • Presentation to the CERN strategy group foreseen in spring 2008 • Coordinates all projects in european HEP for research infrastructure • INFRA-2007-2.2.1.33: Projects in the European strategy for particle physics (CERN Council) Marcello A. Giorgi

  44. BACKUP Marcello A. Giorgi

  45. SuperB where ? • The SuperB conceptual design is largely site independent • A possible site is on the Università di Roma Tor Vergata campus • Area available • Strong interest of University and INFN • Tunnel at about -12m • Synergy with approved FEL (SPARX) • Engineering group created • Feasibility study in preparation Marcello A. Giorgi

  46. BASELINE Machine parameters Marcello A. Giorgi

  47. One possible site is the University of Rome Tor Vergata GOAL SUPERB somewhere in EUROPE as result of an international collaboration • Area available • Strong interest of University and INFN • Tunnel at about -12m • Synergy with approved FEL (SPARX) • Engineering group created • Issues: water, power Marcello A. Giorgi

  48. Accelerator and site costs Note: site cost estimate not as detailed as other estimates. Marcello A. Giorgi

  49. Detector cost Note: options in italics are not summed. We chose to sum the options we considered most likely/necessary. Marcello A. Giorgi

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