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Terry K. Hutchens Extension Goat Specialist University of Kentucky

Some Ideas to Improve Pasture Utilization Goat & Sheep Master Grazing Workshop Saturday, October 11, 2008  Southern Indiana Purdue Agriculture Center (SIPAC). Terry K. Hutchens Extension Goat Specialist University of Kentucky. What bred are more effecient?. Boer- Boer crosses- Others-.

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Terry K. Hutchens Extension Goat Specialist University of Kentucky

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  1. Some Ideas to Improve Pasture UtilizationGoat & Sheep Master Grazing WorkshopSaturday, October 11, 2008 Southern Indiana Purdue Agriculture Center (SIPAC) Terry K. Hutchens Extension Goat Specialist University of Kentucky

  2. What bred are more effecient? • Boer- • Boer crosses- • Others- Terry Hutchens University of Kentucky

  3. Set of Crossbred Does Set of Fullblood or Purebred Terry Hutchens University of Kentucky

  4. KY Cross Bred Does Body length, spring of rib, feet and legs, udders, working girls. Terry Hutchens University of Kentucky

  5. Which Ones Are Making You Money? Health Nutritional needs Kidding ease Kidding rate (1.8) Kidding wts. (nutrition) **Number kids weaned *Weaning weights (market wt) Weaned high percentage of here body wt. – 120 lbs (75-85%) Terry Hutchens University of Kentucky

  6. Narrow Bodied Doe Terry Hutchens University of Kentucky

  7. Check out udder health Terry Hutchens University of Kentucky

  8. Forage Quality Matters • Low 40-55 % TDN • Good 55- 70 % TDN • Concentrates 70-90 % TDN Use forage testing to know for sure! Terry Hutchens University of Kentucky

  9. Forage Quality & Goat Requirements TDN Weanling Does in Early Lactation Yearling Dry & Early Pregnant Does Terry Hutchens University of Kentucky

  10. Energy Needs for Doe Graph 1. 1st Trimester Preg. Day (0– 50) 2nd Trimester Preg. Day (50-100) 3rd Trimester Preg. Day (100-150 Lactation Day (150-225) Non-lactating Period Day (225-365) Graph modified from Langston Univ. online certification short course. Terry Hutchens University of Kentucky

  11. How much Dry Matter Intake

  12. Characteristic of a Good Free Choice Mineral SupplementModified from McDowell, 1992 • Supplies minerals and vitamins not supplied by the forage • Calculate intake goats 1 oz maybe 2 oz • Should contain 6-8% total P. Low P soils 8-10% • Has Ca:P ratio not substantially over 2:1 -4:1 with acidifier like ammonium chloride

  13. Characteristic of a Good Free Choice Mineral Supplement • Provides a significant proportion, 50%, of trace mineral requirements for Co, Cu, I, Mn, Zn (Zn, Se, Cu 100% in KY) • Locate mineral by water source for improve intake • Salt stimulates intake/don’t added more salt

  14. Characteristic of a Good Free Choice Mineral Supplement • Buy high quality mineral salts providing the best biologically available forms of each. • Must be palatable to insure good intake. • Backed by a good manufacturer with mineral supplement label. READ the LABEL. • Formulated for the area involved, the environment, temperature humidity (Mg in KY) • Monensin or Decox additives

  15. Find a Meat Goat GRAZING – Programs for IMPROVEMENT of Utilization of Forage Resources! Soil Test Lime Fertilize NPK N – grass only

  16. Fescue Curve for Dry Matter Production • Stem Elongation Stage • Vegetative Stage of Growth • Seed Head Formation & Seed Production

  17. Relationship Between Stage Of Maturity and Quality

  18. Relationship Between Forage Maturity, Intake, and Quality From Blazer, VPI

  19. Forage Intake Declines with Maturity

  20. Idea: Grazing Plans for 25 acres Spring kidding area 12.5 ac & 75 does (3 does/acre) 6.25 ac 6.25 ac • Tall Fescue and Red Clover or Alfalfa/Red Clover Orchardgrass • HAY MAKING • In MAY • Tall Fescue and Red Clover Grazing Mar. Apr., May & June 1 • Creep gate for kids

  21. Creep Gate Idea

  22. What are the benefits of Creep Grazing Kids???n Forage Quality

  23. Idea II Grazing Plans for 25 acres There may be a need for an emergency grazing paddock August and September • June 1, 75 does for 10 days • 6.25 ac • 6.25 ac • Graze June-October by rotation • 28 days rest / 10 grazing = 3 paddocks + 1 = 4 paddocks Tall Fescue and Red Clover Grazing each paddock for 10 days and rotate • Divide field with Polly-Fence

  24. Example of a: Staggered Grazing Heights

  25. Delay in Maturity and Enhances the Vegetative State Terry Hutchens University of Kentucky

  26. Why can this work for you?Plant Energy Levels Are Not Constant • 100% dependent on stored CHO’s • Decrease until 6-8” • Return to precut level by early bloom • Allow 30-35 d rest • Cut at 2 inches • Most legumes have similar cycle. For example – Red Clover

  27. High • Cut or Graze • then cycle • starts over • again • Low • 30 • 20 • 10 • Top growth • Carb in tap root • Dr. Jim Green • NC State

  28. High • Low • 30 • 20 • 10 • Continuous Graze- • cycle never has • chance to start • over again • Carb in tap root • Dr. Jim Green • NC State

  29. Maintain Healthy Root Systems • Close continuous grazing depletes carbohydrates needed for topgrowth and root growth. • Regrowth is high quality but there is very little of it. • Additionally: less drought tolerance, less nutrient uptake, etc… • Root area decline 30% per year in a continuously grazing system

  30. Idea III Grazing Plans for 25 acres • June 1, 75 does for 10 days • 6.25 ac • 6.25 ac • Graze fescue to maintain vegetative state or make hay August and Sept. • Begin graze 2 paddocks Fescue and Red Clover October 1 and graze • Graze Stockpiled Tall Fescue November-January • Graze Sericea Lespedeza July-September by rotation • 30 days rest / 10 grazing = 3 paddocks +1 = 4 paddocks • Drill annual ryegrass in to SL Sept. 1 • Apply nitrogen to ½ of 12 acre block in August 15th for Stockpiled Tall Fescue

  31. Perennial Lespedeza (serieca) Terry Hutchens University of Kentucky

  32. Brown Tyne Forage Chicory • 3200 lbs dry matter, • 2 inches rain, • 3 grazing

  33. Idea IV Grazing Plans for 25 acres • June 15, 75 does for 10 days • 6.25 ac • 6.25 ac • Graze fescue to maintain vegetative state or make hay August and Sept. • Begin graze 2 paddocks Fescue and Red Clover October 1 and graze • Graze Stockpiled Tall Fescue November-January • 3 acres, Sorghum Sudan hybrids. Plant in May graze in July-September by rotation • 14 days rest / 14 days grazing = 2 paddocks

  34. Where Cool Meets Warm Season Terry Hutchens University of Kentucky

  35. Chicory + Serecia Lespedeza and Tall Fescue (anti-parasitic compounds) Terry Hutchens University of Kentucky

  36. Soil Stabilization Method

  37. High Density, UV Resistant Pipe • Lightweight, 60-gal Water Tank • Full-flow Tank Valve, Quick Couplers

  38. QUICK COUPLER • COMPRESSION • FITTING

  39. Quick Coupler With Barbed T Fitting

  40. Questions??????

  41. Choice Chicory , Forage Feast, Puna • a true perennial chicory • Bred by AgResearch Grasslands NZ • High dry matter production • Improved cool season growth • Improved persistence

  42. Summer Annuals Sorghum Sudangrass, Soybean Terry Hutchens University of Kentucky

  43. Forage Turnip Appin, Red Top Turnip, Spring Oats, Wheat

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