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Lecture Organization

Lecture Organization. India Lane Educational Enhancement, UTCVM. Lecture Organization. Brief Review Types of Lecture Formats Planning the Lecture Fundamentals lecture organization Additional tips. When are lectures useful?. When are lectures useful?. The purpose is to teach information

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Lecture Organization

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  1. Lecture Organization India Lane Educational Enhancement, UTCVM

  2. Lecture Organization • Brief Review • Types of Lecture Formats • Planning the Lecture • Fundamentals lecture organization • Additional tips

  3. When are lectures useful?

  4. When are lectures useful? • The purpose is to teach information • The presenter is effective, comfortable and the “expert” • The learners are able to assimilate from lectures • Group size is moderate to large • Facilities are adequate

  5. Lecture Types • Hierarchic • Problem - centered • Chaining • Comparison • Paired classifications • Logical dichotomy • Network

  6. Hierarchical • Level 1 point A • Level 2 point a • Level 2 point b • Level 2 point B • Level 2 point a • Level 2 point b • Level 3…

  7. Problem Centered

  8. Compare/Contrast

  9. Other Lecture Types • Chaining • Logical Dichotomy • Network

  10. Common Organizing Principles • Cause to effect • Historical time sequence • Phenomenon or examples theory • Pro versus con or compare/contrast • Familiar unfamiliar • Concept application

  11. Planning Lecture Organization • What are the goals of the lecture, course, program, institution? • What is the logical structure of the subject matter? • What is the cognitive structure of students’ minds (currently)?

  12. Planning • What room will it be in? • What will I need? Is the technology ready? • Will I need to buy/digitize/request/setup anything? • Can I get the reading, notes, examples, etc to the students ahead of time?

  13. Lecture Structure • Introduction • Body • Periodic Summaries • Conclusion

  14. Lecture Structure • Introduction • Body • Periodic Summaries • Conclusion Make it clear!

  15. Introduction • Capture attention • Point out a gap in students’ knowledge • Raise a question • Offer a challenge • Prequestions • Example, case, application

  16. IntroductionOne recommendation • Aims • Announce lecture topic • Present educational goals/aims • Show importance • Context • Show relevance of topic to goals • Refer to earlier lectures • Framework • Indicate lecture structure and scope

  17. Body • Highlight a few major ideas or sequences • Appropriate use of audiovisual support • Keep highlighting the overall structure • Use examples where possible

  18. The Body of the Lecture…Another reminder

  19. Lecture Attention

  20. Periodic Summaries • Offers a chance to catch up • Offers a chance to check onperceptions/misperceptions • Makes transitions clearer

  21. Periodic Summaries

  22. Conclusion • Recapitulate major points • Encourage students to formulate questions • Review organization of the lecture • Ask a student(s) to summarize the lecture • Propose unanswered questions for next time or for independent work

  23. Lecture Structure • Introduction • Body • Periodic Summaries • Conclusion

  24. …and now for audience participation “ What is the most common error in lecture preparation and delivery?”

  25. the answer… Trying to cover TOO MUCH MATERIAL

  26. Planning • What do I really want students to remember from this lecture…next week.. next year? • What in my lecture could be better learned by another method?

  27. Planning • What are the most difficult concepts? • What are the most diverse or scattered concepts? • What relationships within the material are more subtle than others? • What framework is needed for future learning?

  28. For New Points • Itemize (list, bullet, etc) • Use a visual buildup (slide, picture, etc) • Take stock and summarize • And…

  29. For New Points • Itemize (list, bullet, etc) • Use a visual buildup (slide, picture, etc) • Take stock and summarize • And… Pause!

  30. Making a point effectively • Rule • E.g….. • Rule

  31. Making a point effectively • Concisely state the rule • Simple language using 7-8 words • One key word • Less than 5 seconds (Remember trace decay is quick!!)

  32. Making a point effectively… e.g…. • Display • Word, statement on screen • Reexpress • Say it another way • Elaborate • Illustrate • Explain • Detal • Analogies • Relate • Example

  33. Making a point effectively… rule! • Rule • Recapitulate • Restate (Use the same statement you started with) And… Pause!

  34. Making a point effectively • Rule • E.g….. • Rule

  35. Making a More Difficult Point • E.g. • Rule • Rule • E.g

  36. Making a More Difficult Point • E.g. • Example(s) • Reasoned interpretations • Observe* • Rule • Concise statement/display • Rule • Rexpression • E.g • New example • Recapitulate, restate

  37. Definitions • Point out that a definition is coming • Keep it simple • A = B + C • Avoid embedded definitions • A – (B + D) + (C +E)

  38. Gaining attention • Variation • Intensity • Pace • Expression • Surprises

  39. Gaining attention • Visual cues • Gestures • Movement • Eye contact/facial expression • Demonstrations, cases, activities, questions • Use a lot of examples • PAUSES!

  40. Getting feedback • Watch the students • Not necessarily the top students • Ask, assess

  41. Summary • Use lecture format when appropriate • Plan what to cover and the best structure/format • Use an Introduction, Body, Periodic Summaries, Conclusion • Convey the structure to be used • Keep refreshing the structure as you introduce new points/make links • Periodically take stock or summarize

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