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Science 8 Unit A

Science 8 Unit A. Topic 7: Fluid Pressure. What is Pressure?. The force acting perpendicular to a certain surface area continuous physical force exerted on or against an object by something in contact with it. How can we calculate pressure?. Pressure (P)= Force (F) Area (a)

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Science 8 Unit A

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  1. Science 8 Unit A Topic 7: Fluid Pressure

  2. What is Pressure? • The force acting perpendicular to a certain surface area • continuous physical force exerted on or against an object by something in contact with it.

  3. How can we calculate pressure? • Pressure (P)= Force (F) Area (a) • Force(F) is measured in Newton's (N) • Area (a) is measured in square meters (m2) • Pressure (P) is measured in (N/m2) • This is also called a Pascal (Pa) • 1000 Pa = 1 kilopascal (kPa)

  4. Some Advantages of Compression • When gases are compressed, they exert a force back • We can use this property in vehicle shocks • Vehicle shocks • Car tires (the tubes) • Air bags

  5. Atmospheric Pressure • Earth’s atmosphere is approx. 160 km thick • Gravity keeps the envelope of air around Earth • Just as water pressure changes with depth, air pressure changes with altitude • The higher the altitude, the less air particles pressing against your body • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeAp3CuGjk8 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_yf-iRf8Vc

  6. Measuring Air Pressure • Barometer • Early barometer’s were made with Mercury • Still used in many weather station’s today • They are made from a thin glass tube that is sealed at one end and open at the other and completely filled with mercury • The tube is then inverted (turned upside down) in a pool of mercury • This allows no air to enter the system • Mercury falls to the lower level due to gravity • Leaves a vacuum at the top

  7. As air pushes down on the mercury in the pol which in turn pushes the mercury up the tube until it equalizes with the pressure of gravity • Air pressure is 760 mm/Hg at sea level • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VqKkAJdarZ8

  8. Balanced and Unbalanced Forces • If in a closed container, the air pressure is lower inside then on the outside the container will buckle • The pressures do not balance therefore creating an unbalanced force • Ex. Juice box

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