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Circulatory System

Circulatory System. Bellwork. How much blood do you think is pumped throughout the body each day? 7,000 Liters How many times does your heart beat in a lifetime? 2.5 billion times. I. Function:. Pump fluid throughout the body for gas exchange

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Circulatory System

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  1. Circulatory System

  2. Bellwork • How much blood do you think is pumped throughout the body each day? • 7,000 Liters • How many times does your heart beat in a lifetime? • 2.5 billion times

  3. I. Function: • Pump fluid throughout the body for gas exchange • Circulation allows tissues to receive oxygen and nutrients and to remove wastes

  4. II. Structure: • Blood- fluid that delivers gas between alveoli and tissues • Heart- Pumps blood through two circuits • Blood vessels- Distributes blood to alveoli and tissues

  5. C. Blood vessels • Veins: deliver oxygen depleted blood from tissues to the heart • Arteries: deliver oxygen rich blood from the heart to the tissues • Capillaries: small tubules that are the site of nutrient, electrolyte, gas, and waste exchange

  6. D. Circuits • The cardiovascular system is made of two circuits: • Pulmonary circuit: sends deoxygenated blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen and unload carbon dioxide • Systemic circuit: sends oxygenated blood and nutrients to all body cells and removes wastes

  7. Video Clips • School House Rock Do the Circulation • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3ZDJgFDdk0&feature=related circulatory system

  8. Circulation and Heart Anatomy

  9. Pulmonary Circulation • Deoxygenated blood begins in the right side of the heart. • Heart pumps deoxygenated blood to lungs via (pulmonary) arteries. • Blood releases CO2 and picks up O2 at the alveoli of lungs. Gas exchange occurs at capillaries. • Blood is now oxygenated. • Oxygenated blood returns to the left side of the heart via (pulmonary) veins.

  10. Systemic Circulation • Heart pumps oxygenated blood to body tissues via arteries (aorta). • Blood releases O2 and picks up CO2 at the body tissues. Gas exchange occurs at capillaries. • Blood is now deoxygenated. • Deoxygenated blood returns to the right side of the heart via veins (superior and inferior vena cava).

  11. Anatomy of the Heart • Four chambers • Septum • Major veins • Major arteries • Valves • Covering & Wall of Heart

  12. A. Four Chambers • Heart is divided into four hollow chambers- two on the left, two on the right • Atria: Upper chambers; thin walls. *Receive blood returning to heart from veins. • Ventricles: Lower chambers. *Receive blood from atria. *Contract to force blood out of the heart and into arteries. • Label the four chambers on your sheet.

  13. B. Septum • A solid wall-like barrier that separates the left atrium & ventricle from the right atrium & ventricle • Label diagram

  14. C. Major veins • Vena cava: • Two large veins that give blood to the right atrium from the systemic circuit 1. Superior vena cava: 2 branches combine 2. Inferior vena cava: 1 branch **Carry de-oxygenated blood • Pulmonary veins: - Give blood to the left atrium from the pulmonary circuit **Carry oxygenated blood

  15. Label Diagram

  16. D. Major Arteries • Pulmonary trunk: branches into 2 pulmonary arteries that bring de-oxygenated blood to the lungs from the right ventricle • Aorta: large artery that brings blood from left ventricle to the tissues of the systemic circuit. Divides into three branches.

  17. Label Diagram

  18. E. Valves • In the heart we have valves which connect different parts of the heart. For example: RA & RV • What would the purpose of this valve be?

  19. E. Valves • A valve allows the one-way flow of blood between two parts of the heart. (Similar to a sphincter) • A cusp is a tapered projection on the valve • Draw bicuspid vs. tricuspid:

  20. E. Valves 1. Atrioventricular (A-V) valves: separate the atria from the ventricles • Mitral (bicuspid) valve: left side of heart • Tricuspid valve: right side of heart, prevents backflow • Pulmonary valve: at the base of the pulmonary trunk. Three cusps. • Aortic valve: found at the base of the atria. Three cusps.

  21. F. Covering & Wall of Heart • Pericardium: tissue layers which enclose the heart & proximal ends of veins & arteries • 3 parts of wall help to protect and supply nutrients, nerves, capillaries • Draw 3 layers of wall

  22. Pair Work Worksheet • Label major parts of heart & flow of blood ALSO… • Label the 4 major arteries/veins • Label the 4 major valves • Mark where blood is oxygenated & where blood is deoxygenated

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