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America Joins the Fight World War I (1914-1918)

America Joins the Fight World War I (1914-1918). Chapter 24, Section 2. Essential Questions:. Do governments have the right to draft its’ citizens? Why or Why Not? As a citizen, are YOU responsible to serve YOUR country?. The U.S. Army (1917).

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America Joins the Fight World War I (1914-1918)

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  1. America Joins the FightWorld War I (1914-1918) Chapter 24, Section 2

  2. Essential Questions: • Do governments have the right to draft its’ citizens? Why or Why Not? • As a citizen, are YOU responsible to serve YOUR country?

  3. The U.S. Army (1917) • When America Entered WWI the US Army Had Less Than 200,000 Troops • President Woodrow Wilson Wanted to Use Volunteer Troops • Not Enough Troops Enlisted After U.S. Declared War in 1917

  4. Which Poster is More Effective? Why?

  5. Selective Service Act (1917) • Required ALL Males Between the Ages of 21 and 30 to Join the U.S. Military • The Draft!!! • 3 Million Men Were Drafted by 1918 • Army Went from 200,000 to 3 Million Soldiers!

  6. American Expeditionary Force (The AEF) • AEF = U.S.Armed Forces Sent to Europe During WWI • 2 Million AEF Troops Served Under General John J. Pershing in France • Helped Win WWI!!!

  7. John J. Pershing • General of the AEF • British and French Forces Asked the U.S. to Join their Armies • Woodrow Wilson and Pershing REFUSED! WHY?

  8. Woodrow Wilson • President Wilson Did NOTWant the AEF to Fight With the Allied Forces • Wanted U.S. Forces to Fight Separately • Wilson Wanted U.S. to be the Hero and Play a Major Role at the Peace Table at the End of WWI

  9. Women’s Roles During WWI • Close to 50,000 Women Served in World War I: • American Red Cross • Clerical Workers in the Navy • Marine Corps & Army • Nurses • Interpreters • Switchboard Operators • Entertained Troops • Drove Ambulances

  10. African Americans Serve • 400,000 African American Men Served During WWI • Faced Racial Discrimination from White American Soldiers (Not European Soldiers) • U.S. Created Segregated Combat Units for African Americans (Plessy vs. Ferguson 1896)

  11. The U.S. Convoy System • German U-Boats Were Sinking Supply & Troop Ships Across the Atlantic Ocean! • Convoy System: • A Heavy Guard of Destroyers Escorted Merchant Ships Across the Atlantic in Groups • Hut, Hut, Hike! Handoff the Football and Follow Your Blockers!

  12. Other Military Tactics • To Protect From German U-Boats, the U.S. Laid 70,000 Mines in the North Sea • Minefield Was Over 180 Miles Long • Used Magnetic and Contact Mines • FINDING NEMO!!!

  13. Finding Nemo Mine Scene!!!

  14. By the Way….. Found Nemo!

  15. Treaty of Brest-Litovsk • Ended War Between Central Powers and Russia! • When Russians Dropped Out of the War, Germany Sent Troops to Invade France in the West • Wanted to Win the War Before U.S. Arrived!

  16. The German Plan

  17. Germans Push For France • Germans Launch an Attack to End WWI Before American Troops Arrive • Germany Gets to the Marne River (Again) (50 Miles Away from Paris) • 1 Million American Troops Aid French and British Forces to STOP the German Advance!

  18. America Arrives • May 28th, 1918 the AEF Liberates the Town of Cantigny, France (Lifts Allies Morale!) • AEF and French Forces STOP German Attack on the Town of Chateau-Thierry, France • Battle of Belleau Wood: • American and French Forces Go on the Attack! • Retake Land (Forest) in France That Germany Had Taken

  19. Battle of Belleau Wood

  20. 2nd Battle of the Marne River • Germans Attacked for 3 Days Attempting to Take Paris • The Allies & Americans STOPPED the Attack! Allies Started to Push the Germans Back! • Why Was the 2nd Battle of the Marne the Turning Point of WWI?

  21. The Meuse-Argonne Offensive • The Final “Push” 1918 • Goal Was to Push German Forces BACK into Germany! • 1.2 Million Allied Soldiers Fought • After Months of Fighting, Germany Lost All Land it Had Gained!

  22. Meuse Argonne Offensive

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