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Age of Empires: Rome & Han China 753 B.C.E – 600 C.E

Age of Empires: Rome & Han China 753 B.C.E – 600 C.E. Rome: The Republic 753-31 B.C.E. Senate & Consul(s) = 2 major branches of govt. Provincial Governors = Corrupt Early expansion Motives = Greed, aggressiveness, Consul generalship Methods = Citizen armies, roman citizenship to conquered

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Age of Empires: Rome & Han China 753 B.C.E – 600 C.E

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  1. Age of Empires:Rome & Han China753 B.C.E – 600 C.E

  2. Rome: The Republic 753-31 B.C.E • Senate & Consul(s) = • 2 major branches of govt. • Provincial Governors = Corrupt • Early expansion • Motives = Greed, aggressiveness, Consul generalship • Methods = Citizen armies, roman citizenship to conquered • Ex: Cathage 200-30 BCE / Hellenistic 59-51 BCE / Gaul (Julius Caesar) • FAIL = Rome’s Republic • Latifundia Estates / $ Crops • Poor city class • Swaying loyalty of soldiers

  3. Rome: The Empire 31 B.C.E-600 C.E • Octavian (Augustus Caesar) = Emperor of Rome • Reformed govt. / civil service / added land • Succession determined by the army • Increased power of Emperor • Pax Romana 27 BCE – 180 CE • Manufacture & Trade Flourished • Imports (Grain, Silk, Spices) • Exports (glass, metalwork, pottery) • Romanization = • adaptation of Roman culture by conquered peoples • Western Empire Crumbling while Eastern Empire Flourishing • Constantinople (Preserved Roman traditions)

  4. Rome: The Culture • Religions • Mythology -> Christianity • Adopted by Emperor Constantine • Council of Nicea • Rural Rome • 80% of empire = farmers • Hard life of farming • Urban Empire • Rome, Alexandria, Carthage, Antioch • Paterfamilias = • Roman hierarchical family structure • Status of women depended on social class

  5. Qin China 221-207 B.C.E • Shi Huangdi (Emperor) • Unification of Central and Northern China • Created strong bureaucracy • Suppressed Confucianism • Secured Borders: Forced draft & Xiongnu Confederacy • Death in 210 BCE Terracotta Army • Qin Rule over by 206 B.C.E

  6. Han China: Empire & Culture • Family = Basic Unit of Society • Unbroken chain of ancestors • Hierarchy of elder male • Women status also depended on social class • Confucianism = Major Religion • Major Leaders • Gaozu (Liu Bang) =Transition from Qin to Han • Wu = Stronger military, adoption of Confucianism, Expansion of empire 141-87 BCE • Decline & Fall 220 CE • Undermined by weak leadership, less tax revenue, mercenary armies, corruption, nomadic attacks

  7. Similarities Agriculture = Main Economic Activity Empires encompassed diverse cultures Built roads (Military & Commercial Use) Majority of pop. lived in rural areas Undermined by military spending Overrun by peoples that continued their culture Differences Imperial model revived in China / not so in Rome Concept of the individual Economic mobility of middle class (Rome) Structure of Military Major Religions Comparison Rome & Han China

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