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Rome

Rome. 264 – 133 BC. Military recruitment. The Roman army began like the part-time Greek army, with farmers returning to their fields after a quick summer campaign. Then it changed into a professional organization with long terms of service far from home. . Military recruitment.

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Rome

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  1. Rome 264 – 133 BC

  2. Military recruitment • The Roman army began like the part-time Greek army, with farmers returning to their fields after a quick summer campaign. • Then it changed into a professional organization with long terms of service far from home.

  3. Military recruitment • Scipio's revolution changed the way of the legions. • Rome was now to use proper tactics on the battlefield, rather than merely relying on the fighting superiority of the legionaries. • The Roman soldiers would be led by clever men seeking to outmanoeuvre their foe rather than merely being lined up and marching at the enemy.

  4. Military recruitment • If Rome had the best soldiers it now should also acquire the best generals. • The poorest classes in Rome were given the opportunity of a military career, veterans given land, and the composition of the legions changed. • (Seleucid wars)

  5. Spanish wars • 153 - 133 B.C. -- no longer the early Republican period. • During the Second Punic War (218 to 201 B.C.), the Carthaginians tried to make stations in Hispania from which they could launch attacks on Rome.

  6. Spanish wars • An effect of fighting against the Carthaginians, was that the Romans gained territory on the Iberian peninsula. • They named Hispania one of their provinces after defeating Carthage. • The area they gained was along the coast. They needed more land inland to protect their bases.

  7. Spanish wars • 134 BC - Scipio Aemilianuswas brought in as consul, with Marius and the Numidian prince Jugurtha under him. • 133 BC - Scipio besieged Numantia. When they succumbed to famine and cannibalism, they surrendered becoming part of Scipio's triumph or sold as slaves. Numantinus was razed.

  8. More on Spanish wars • http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/republicanromanbattles/qt/082807SpainWars.htm

  9. Seleucid War 192-188 B.C. • Under the consuls Flamininus and then ManiusAciliusGlabrio Rome fought the Seleucid War against Antiochus, king of Syria from 192-188 B.C. • During the Macedonian Wars, Antiochus and Philip V of Macedon had been allies, taking chunks of Greece and the Greek cities in Asia Minor until the Romans stepped in to grant Greece its freedom.

  10. Seleucid War 192-188 B.C. • Philip seems to have ignored the alliance when Rome seemed the more likely victor. • He seems to have granted Rome access to Macedonia's territory because the Romans arrived in Gonni, which they couldn't have done without Philip's help.

  11. Seleucid War 192-188 B.C. • This made the odds decidedly worse for Antiochus. • Antiochus retreated and faced the Romans at Thermopylae near the famous pass where the Spartans and their allies had once met the Persians. • Unlike the routed Spartans, Antiochus survived. The treaty he signed with Rome gave the territory he had taken in Greece back to the Greeks. Antiochus was confined to Syria.

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