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December 16 th and 17 th

December 16 th and 17 th. Turn in 6.5 homework AND rough draft! Work on Warm-Up #17 Copy down homework in agenda. Agenda for Today. Warm-Up #17 Essential Questions From Republic to Empire Notes Pax Romana Notes Roman Numerals Activity Remembering Rome Worksheet

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December 16 th and 17 th

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  1. December 16thand 17th • Turn in 6.5 homework AND rough draft! • Work on Warm-Up #17 • Copy down homework in agenda

  2. Agenda for Today • Warm-Up #17 • Essential Questions • From Republic to Empire Notes • PaxRomana Notes • Roman Numerals Activity • Remembering Rome Worksheet • HW: 6.3 and 6.4 work

  3. Essential Questions • Why did Rome experience a period of civil war? • How did Caesar reform Rome (three reforms)? • What happened to Caesar? • Who was the first emperor of Rome?

  4. Ancient Rome Notes From Republic to Empire

  5. Rome as a Republic • Rome grew rapidly, and growth brought political, economic, and social changes.

  6. The Decline of the Republic • Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus attempted to help Rome’s poor by proposing reforms • Senators felt threatened and violently killed both brothers • generals recruited soldiers by promising land, which divided loyalty among troops • bloody civil war broke out

  7. Julius Caesar Takes Control • Joined forces with Crassus and Pompey to become elected as consul. • Led his troops to conquer Gaul and shared in the hardships of war with his men, which won their loyalty and devotion. •  He became very popular, but disobeyed the Senate’s order to return home. This move led to civil war in Rome between Julius Caesar and Pompey. •  Julius was then appointed dictator for life.

  8. Julius Caesar Takes Control • He expanded the senate. • He granted Roman citizenship to many people in the provinces. • He helped the poor by creating jobs, especially through the construction of new public buildings, and started colonies where the landless could own land. • He increased pay for soldiers.

  9. Julius Caesar Loses Control • Senators began to fear losing their influence, and a few plotted his assassination • On March 15, 44 B.C.E., they stabbed him to death in the senate chamber

  10. Death of Julius Caesar

  11. Birth of an Empire • After Caesar’s death, civil war broke out again and destroyed what was left of the Roman Republic • Three of Caesar’s supporters joined together to crush the assassins; Octavian, Mark Antony, and Lepidus •  The Second Triumvirate ended in jealousy and violence; Lepidus retired and Octavian and Antony became enemies

  12. Birth of an Empire • Octavian defeated the combined forces of Antony and Cleopatra at Actium • He then became the unchallenged ruler of Rome and accepted the title of Augustus or “exalted one” and became the first emperor of Rome

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