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3.2 Acid and Bases

3.2 Acid and Bases. Acids and their properties. An acid is any compound that increases the number of hydronium ions Hydronium forms when and H+ separates from an acid and bonds with water = H 3 O +. Acids have a Sour Taste. Lemon, limes, and other citric fruit = Sour.

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3.2 Acid and Bases

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  1. 3.2 Acid and Bases

  2. Acids and their properties • An acid is any compound that increases the number of hydronium ions • Hydronium forms when and H+ separates from an acid and bonds with water = H3O+

  3. Acids have a Sour Taste Lemon, limes, and other citric fruit = Sour Most acids are poisonous Many acids are corrosive = destroy body tissue, clothing, and many other things.

  4. Acids change colors in indicators • A substance that changes color in the presences of an acid or base is called an indicator. Water and Turns yellow = ACID Bromthymol blue

  5. Acids react with metals • Acids and metals = H+ gas • 2HCl + Zn  H2 + ZnCl2 (What type of reaction did you learn this was? AB + C  A + CB)

  6. Acids conduct electric current • Acids in water produce ions • These ions allow the solution to conduct electricity. • Like in this car battery.

  7. Uses of Acids • Sulfuric Acid • Help make paper • Paint • Detergents • fertilizers • Hydrochloric acid • Swimming pool sanitizer • In your stomach— digests food • Hydrofluoric Acid • Etch glass

  8. Uses of Acids • Citric Acid & Ascorbic Acid (vitamin C) • Orange Juice • Carbonic acid phosphoric acid • Help give flavor to soft drinks

  9. Bases and their properties • A base is any compound that increases the number of hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water. • Example: NaOH Na+ + OH- in water

  10. Bases • Bases have a bitter flavor • Bases have a slippery feel • Example: • Soap • Be careful, many bases are corrosive!

  11. Bases

  12. Bases • Bases change color in indicators Bromthymol Blue + a base  Dark Blue

  13. Bases • Because bases increase OH- ions, bases are conductors of electric currents.

  14. Uses of bases • NaOH • Make soap • Paper • Oven cleaner • Unclog sinks • Magnesium Hydroxide/Aluminum Hydroxide • antacids

  15. Universal Indicator a pH indicator tells us if a solution is an acid 1-6.9, Neutral 7, or Basic 7.1-14 pH scale depends on H+ concentration

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