Muscle Anatomy and Physiology Lab

1. Muscle Anatomy and Physiology Lab Jana Causey Chris Christen Amanda Parker Pearl River Community College

2. Part I: Identification of Muscles and their ActionsStudent Learning Goals • Identify various muscles in the human body using images and human muscle models. • Identify the action, origin and, insertion of each muscle identified. • Identify prime movers (agonists), antagonistic muscles, synergistic muscles, and fixators/stabilizers of each muscle action. Pearl River Community College

3. Review: Planes of the Body Pearl River Community College

4. Terminology • Origin – point at which a muscle attaches to a bone and is static • Insertion – point at which a muscle attaches to a bone and moves that bone upon contraction Pearl River Community College

5. Terminology • Prime mover (Agonist) – primary muscle completing the action • Antagonist – relaxes to allow the agonist to contract; contraction results in an opposite movement • Synergist(s) – hold the body in the correct position to complete the action • Fixator/Stabilizer – special synergist that stabilizes the bone of the prime movers origin Pearl River Community College

6. Epicranius Corrugator supercilii Frontal belly Orbicularis oculi Occipital belly Levator labii superioris Zygomaticus minor and major Temporalis Buccinator Masseter Sternocleidomastoid Orbicularis oris Trapezius Mentalis Depressor labii inferioris Depressor anguli oris Pearl River Community College

7. Pectoralis major Serratus anterior Transversus abdominis Internal oblique Rectus abdominis External oblique Pearl River Community College

8. Levator scapulae Trapezius Supraspinatus Clavicle Subclavius Sternocleido- mastoid Deltoid Spine of scapula Clavicle Rhomboid minor Subscapularis Deltoid Infraspinatus Pectoralis minor Teres minor Rhomboid major Pectoralis major Coracobrachialis Teres major Sternum Serratus anterior Humerus Biceps brachii Humerus Latissimus dorsi Pearl River Community College

9. Supraspinatus* Clavicle Spine of scapula Deltoid (cut) Greater tubercle of humerus Deltoid Infraspinatus* Teres minor* Pectoralis major Teres major Coracobrachialis Triceps brachii: Triceps brachii: Lateral head Lateral head Long head Long head Latissimus dorsi Medial head Biceps brachii Humerus Brachialis Brachioradialis Olecranon process of ulna Anconeus (a) Anterior view (b) Posterior view * Rotator cuff muscles Pearl River Community College

10. Extensor indicis Pronator quadratus Flexor digitorum superficialis Extensor digiti minimi Extensor carpi ulnaris Flexor carpi ulnaris Palmaris longus Extensor digitorum Flexor carpi radialis Flexor carpi ulnaris Brachioradialis Extensor carpi radialisbrevis Pronator teres Extensor carpi radialis longus Biceps brachii Pearl River Community College

11. Psoas minor Psoas major Iliopsoas Iliacus Tensor fasciae latae Pectineus Adductor longus Sartorius Gracilis Quadriceps femoris Adductor magnus • Rectus femoris • Vastus lateralis • Vastus medialis Pearl River Community College

12. Gluteus medius Gluteus maximus Adductor magnus Gracilis Long head Biceps femoris Short head Hamstrings Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Pearl River Community College

13. Fibularis longus Gastrocnemius Gastrocnemius Soleus Tibia Fibularis longus Tibialis anterior Extensor digitorum longus Extensor digitorum longus Tibialis anterior Soleus Extensor hallucis longus Extensor hallucis longus Fibularis tertius Fibularis brevis Flexor hallucis longus Extensor hallucis brevis Extensor digitorum brevis Pearl River Community College

14. Part II: Incorporation of Exercise and Muscle ActionStudent Learning Goals • Review various muscle groups on muscle models • Identify prime movers (agonists), antagonistic muscles, synergistic muscles, and fixators/stabilizers of the muscles used in the assigned exercise Pearl River Community College

15. Movements of the Abdominal Muscles:Sit-up Pearl River Community College

16. Movements of the Back:Superman Pearl River Community College

17. Movements of the Back:Reverse Butterfly Pearl River Community College

18. Movements of the Chest:Butterfly Pearl River Community College

19. Movements of the Chest and Arms:Downward Motion of a Push-up Pearl River Community College

20. Movements of the Chest and Arms:Upward Motion of a Push-up Pearl River Community College

21. Movements of the Arms: Bicep Curl Pearl River Community College

22. Movements of the Arms: Lateral Shoulder Raise Pearl River Community College

23. Movements of the Arms:Rotating Bicep Curl Pearl River Community College

24. Movements of the Arms:Forearm Curl Pearl River Community College

25. Movements of the Legs:Lateral Leg Raises Pearl River Community College

26. Movements of the Legs:Forward Leg Raises Pearl River Community College

27. Movements of the Legs:Backward Leg Raises Pearl River Community College

28. Movements of the Legs:Lunges Pearl River Community College

29. Movements of the Legs:Squats Pearl River Community College

30. Movements of the Legs:Calf Raises Pearl River Community College

31. Movements of the Legs:Flexing the Foot Pearl River Community College

32. Assignment Options • Complete the assignment during lab using the handout provided • Addition of synergist/fixators to list • Assign different muscle groups to students and require students to choreograph muscle movements that use the muscle groups • Addition of light weights and/or bands • Online adaptations Pearl River Community College