Plant Vocabulary

Plant Vocabulary

Photosynthesis • Transforms Radiant Energy  Chemical Energy • Water + Carbon Dioxidesunlight Glucose (sugar) + Oxygen • H2O + CO2 C6H12O6 + O2 • Happens in Plants  Leaf Chloroplast

Radiant Energy • AKA… • Light Energy • Solar Energy • Energy given off by the Sun • ALL energy on Earth originated from the Sun

Chemical Energy • Result of photosynthesis • Energy transformed in plants • Plants and animals use this energy to move and grow

Chemical Equation • Summary of what happens in a chemical reaction • Identifies elements involved and # atoms of each • Includes…. Reactants  Products • Example:

Chemical Formula • Summarizes what a substance is made of (elements & # atoms of each) • Example: H2O • Water is made of… • 2 atoms of Hydrogen (2 is a subscript) • 1 atom of Oxygen

Reactants • Substance(s) that exist before a chemical reaction • Usually listed first in a chemical equation • Example: H2O + CO2 C6H12O6 + O2

Products • Substance(s) that are the result of a chemical equation • Usually listed last • Example: H2O + CO2 C6H12O6 + O2

Chloroplast • Site of photosynthesis • Organelle found in a plant cells • Contains chlorophyll

Chlorophyll • Pigment that makes leaves green • Responsible for capturing sunlight

Stomata • Pores on a plant that allow gas exchange for photosynthesis …. • Carbon Dioxide (CO2) enters • Oxygen (O2) exits • Water (H2O) exits during transpiration • Mostly found on leaves

Pistil • Female reproductive organ in a flower • Where seeds are developed • Can be 1 or multiple in a flower

Stamen • Male reproductive organ of a flower • Covered with pollen on the ends

Xylem • Transport system • Moves water and some nutrients from Roots  rest of plant • New xylem are made each year on the outside of a plant (only lives 1 year)

Phloem • Transport system • Moves Glucose/Sugar from chloroplast  rest of plant • Phloem….photosynthesis

Homeostasis • Process of an organism maintaining balance • Things that need to be balanced…water, temperature

Stimulus • Cause • Happens 1st • Types of Stimuli • External (outside) • Internal (internal) • The SUN is an example of an external stimuli

Response • Effect • Reaction • Happens 2nd • The plant’s growth toward the light

Tropism • Plant growth response to stimuli • Common stimuli are light, gravity, water

Phototropism • Plant’s response to light • Photo = Light

Geotropism / Gravitropism • Plant’s growth response to gravity • Positive grows TOWARD • Negative grows AWAY • Geo = Earth

Hydrotropism • Response of a plant’s roots to water • Hydro = Water

Turgor Pressure • Force of water pushing on a plant cell’s vacuole • A – sufficient (plenty) water to make plant stand upright (stiff, rigid) • B – insufficient (lacking) water, the plant wilts or bends

Emergence of a Seedling • Seed sprouting out of the ground • Requires an unbalanced force that results in motion • Sometimes called germination

Flower Leaf Stem Root

Petal Pistil – female organ Where pollen is produced Where seeds are produced Stamen – male organ

Plant Vocabulary