England and the Rise o f Monarchy

1. England and the Rise of Monarchy By Maddie Freeman Seth MAzlin Matt petersen Ian waitkus Michelle pogosian Continue

2. Press this to get to here from any slide Table of Contents ENGLAND ENGLAND Title Slide Summary Government/Politics Religion Economy/Trade Please go to the title slide when done. Thank You Technology/Warfare Kings Current Event Graphic Organizer

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6. Government/Politics 1086- King William I takes a census in England to see how to handle taxes in his land Circuit Judges- Judges who travel throughout the country to spread the kings law to all of England Henry II sets up juries in court rooms Grand Jury- People who present the names of the suspected Trial Jury- People who decide if the suspected is innocent or guilty from crime Jury takes place of trial by ordeal King John increased taxes and ignored law, Magna Carta makes John not be able to collect taxes without provision and takes away some power 1272- Edward becomes king, he makes new laws with others, this gathering is called the Parliament

7. Religion Feudalism made people more reliant on the church When William becomes king, he introduces feudalism to England While Henry II was king, he was also feudal lord in France Henry III was a weak ruler, who let his feudal lords rule the country Edward the Confessor took too much time on religion then on England

8. Economy/Trade William the Conqueror brought European mainland to England, he learned new skills from Norman Weavers and Artisans. King John increased taxes and ignored the law with made nobles angry. If he didn’t sign the Magna Carta in 1215 or agreement that kings have less power and nobles more, England would have crumbled.

9. Technology/Warfare 1066- William the Conqueror (as a Norman) leads an army of 400-7000 men across the channel to England. Harold was king at the time. William’s men met Harold’s men in Hasting, south of London. English soldiers with lethal weapons created a wall with their shields, similar to the phalanx. William knows he will never be able to get through. He pretends to retreat and then catches Harold’s army off guard! King Harold is dead the next day and William is crowned king of England.

10. Kings William the Conqueror/King William I: Is originally the Duke of Normandy.Fights at the battle of Hastings against Harold, the king of England. Dies 1087. Henry II: Grandson of William. Henry was the feudal lord in France. He creates juries to take place of trial by ordeal (his legacy ). Dies 1189. John: Ignored law and increased taxes. 1215- John is forced to sign the Magna Carta, which makes John have less power and not able to collect taxes without provision. Dies 1216 Henry III: A weak ruler who let feudal lords rule and lead the country. Dies 1272. Edward I: Creates the Parliament, or a group where representatives collaborate about new laws, taxes, etc.. The Parliament later splits into two groups; The House of Lords for nobles and clergy and The House of Commons for knights and townspeople.

11. Current Event In Great Britain, Chris Graying, the Justice Secretary, is contemplating to change the way attorneys are paid to a set amount per case. Many argue that this “undermines the law - first stated in the Magna Carta - that says ‘to no man will we deny justice.’” People are now losing the right to choose who will represent them in court. Theoretically people who could be aiding you in a court case could instead be profiting from seeing you put behind bars. This plan could leave many jobless, and leave huge companies swimming in money. Grayling’s plan could potentially save the government £200 million by making a series of sweeping reforms. Some speculate that this could lead to “a complete privatization of justice;” in which large legal firms will be constantly buying out the smaller ones. Grayling’s plan would not require a vote in Parliament. Small cases will be more sought after while major cases like homicide will receive much less attention. Overall Chris Grayling’s plan may come into effect by 2014 and it has received a large amount of media attention. Although many people believe that the bond between lawyer and client is too strong to give up, Grayling’s plan might still be going into effect. Continue

12. Current Event My current event goes, without a doubt, into the peace/security category of events. This is obvious because of the fact that Grayling’s plan could end up disturbing the sense of security and confidence that most British citizens have in their justice system. Continue

13. Current Event Chris Grayling’s legal reformations relate to section two for a number of reasons. One reason is that King Henry II made the laws much like what they are today. For instance, he set up the grand jury and the trial jury. Another reason is that king Richard set up the Magna Carta and Parliament. Several of the Magna Carta’s articles are still used today; and the idea of parliament has spread across the world. Continue

14. Current Event Who: Chris Grayling What: Saving money on legal aid. Why: To save £200 million. Where: Great Britain. When: By 2014 How: By making a series of legal reforms. Continue

15. Current Event My current event helps me gain a better understanding of social studies history. Things such as the Magna Carta and Parliament were created a long time ago and still play a major factor in our daily lives even though we may not realize it. Overall this project greatly affected my opinion on what we are learning; and I think it is important that we learn these kinds of things.

16. Graphic Organizer • GOVERNMENT/POLITICS OF KINGS: • EDWARD THE CONFESSOR: gave money to poor, focused to much on religion and could not fulfill his duties. Increased hold on country • WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR: feudalism to keep revolts out and have Normans in line. Took lands of English nobles, divided among Norman nobles= became his vassals. Kept many laws/ government practices. Advice from Witengetot (Great Council), recorded census of 1086 in Doomsday book • Henry II: forced nobles to give him loyalty, made Central Court in London . CIRCUIT JUDGES: judges who traveled throughout the country. Were separated into 2 juries- GRAND JURY: group of people who presented to judges the names of people suspected in crimes. TRIAL JURY: group of people who decided whether a person is innocent or guilty. • KING RICHARD: only liked France so he fought in the Near East on crusades. • KING JOHN: increased taxes, ignored the law • HENRY III: Feudal Lords in Great Council ruled England • SIMON de MONTFORT: gave people voice in government • EDWARD I: gave a PARLIAMENT or greater share of ruling England. Separated into 2 groups- Nobles and Clergy in house of lords, and Knights and Townspeople in house of commons. Continue

17. Graphic Organizer RELIGION: Edward the Confessor spent to much time on religion and could not fulfill his duties as a king. ECONOMY/TRADE: William the Conqueror brought European mainland to England, he learned new skills from Norman Weavers and Artisans. King John increased taxes and ignored the law with made nobles angry. If he didn’t sign the Magna Carta in 1215 or agreement that kings have less power and nobles more, England would have crumbled. TECHNOLOGY/WARFARE: In 1066 during the battle of King Harold and William, William told his foot soldiers with axes and shield to form a wall at the edge of a low hill. They then pretended to retreat, and the English followed the Normans turned on the English. King Richard fought in the Near East during the crusades because he like France more than England. Edward the confessor