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The Role of Environmental NGOs in Sustainable Development in China

CASS-Nottingham Environmental Infrastructure Workshop, 22 – 24 June, 2005. The Role of Environmental NGOs in Sustainable Development in China. CHEN Ying Research Centre for Sustainable Development (RCSD) Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS). Content.

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The Role of Environmental NGOs in Sustainable Development in China

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  1. CASS-Nottingham Environmental Infrastructure Workshop, 22 – 24 June, 2005 The Role of Environmental NGOs in Sustainable Development in China CHEN Ying Research Centre for Sustainable Development (RCSD) Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS)

  2. Content • The Development of Environmental NGOs in China • Driving Forces for the Development of Env. NGOs • Roles of Env. NGO in Sustainable Development • Debate between Env. Activists and Scientists • Promoting Public Participation to Sustainable Development in China

  3. 1. The Development of Env. NGOs in China • Civil societies: • Institutions, academic and industrial associations (mainly funded by government) • Real NGO: Self-established organizations without government support (manpower and finance) • Current situation: • 2000 env. civil societies in China including 50-60 grass root organizations • Millions of participants, over 100 thousand members for the largest one • Regional offices by international NGOs

  4. Env. NGOs and Activists in China Green Earth Volunteers founded in 1996 FON, the first env. NGO, founded in 1994 Liang Congjie Global Village of Beijing (GVB), founded in 1996 Wang Yongchen Liao Xiaoyi

  5. Oversea Env. NGOs Disembarkation Belgium Australia Germany India China Japan Greenpeace International’s global activities to celebrate Kyoto Protocol entry into forces on Feb.26, 2005

  6. 2. Driving Forces for the Development of Env. NGOs • Compatibility of the aims for government and env. NGOs in sustainable development • Open minded env. management authorities • Activists devoted themselves to environmental protection

  7. 2. Driving Forces for the Development of Env. NGOs • International Assistance • Global Village of Beijing (GVB) : received 3.2million RMB (0.4 million $) from Fort Foundation, WWF etc. during 1996-1999. • Friends of Nature (FON): 1.32 of total 2.53million RMB (over 50%) came from international donation during March 1995 – Sept. 1999.

  8. 2. Driving Forces for the Development of Env. NGOs • Women and the youth non-professional env. NGOs participation • “Protection Mother River- Green Hope Project” • Understanding and support from the public • Particularly from university students

  9. 3. Env. NGOs’ Role in Sustainable Development • Public awareness raising • through the media, such as “Time for Environment”, a popular TV program on China Central Television • through lectures to school students • at community level

  10. 3. Env. NGOs’ Role in Sustainable Development • Campaigns to protect environment • Saving the birds • planting trees • collecting litters • community-based activities, such as recycling program

  11. 3. Env. NGOs’ Role in Sustainable Development • Concern on environmental quality to enhance enforcement of industrial pollution control and conservation projects at the local level • Participation in decision-making processes of sustainable development as stakeholders to change environmental policies • Alliance with National Environmental Protection Administration (NEPA)

  12. Example 1: Nujiang Hydropower Development Project

  13. Example 1: Nujiang Hydropower Development Project

  14. Example 2: Yuanminyuan Inheritance Park Water-saving Project

  15. Other examples • Debate and discussion on new location of Beijing Zoo • “Environmental Protection Storm 2005” • NEPA investigated 30 projects of 13 provinces under construction without “env. impacts assessment report”, • Beijing Olympic Organization Committee employed env. activists as env. consultants

  16. 4. Debate Between Env. Activists and Scientists • Are they real representatives of public interests? • Can they insist on independence, allying with the government? • Is their attitude to environment rational or extreme?

  17. Example: Nujiang Hydropower Development Project

  18. 5. Promoting Public Participation to Sustainable Development in China • Barriers • Registration: non-profit organization • Funding: government, corporation, individuals • Legal status: “Law of Environmental Impacts Assessment”

  19. 5. Promoting Public Participation to Sustainable Development in China • Support Policies & Measures • Awareness of the government • Legislation • Institutional innovation to promote cooperation between the government and env. NGOs • Cooperation and union among env. NGOs • Entry of International env. NGOs and their adaptation to domestic circumstances • Capacity building of env. NGOs

  20. All-China Environment Federation

  21. All-China Environment Federation • Newly founded on April 22, 2005 (Earth Day) • Driven by NEPA under designation of two Vise-Primers • Chairman: Vise President of the People’s Political Consultative Conference (PPCC) • Cochairmen: include both of the Director of NEPA and the leader of FON, the largest grass root env. NGO • 316 Directors include 101 former ministry-level officials at their capacities • To unite and integrate all env. NGOs to promote public participation in sustainable development

  22. Thank you! Email: cycass@163bj.com

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