The Jefferson Era

1. The Jefferson Era

5. John Adams • 2nd President of the United States • Federalist candidate in 1800 election • Charles Pinckney was his vice presidential running mate

8. Thomas Jefferson • 3rd President of the United States • Republican candidate in the 1800 election • Aaron Burr was his vice presidential running mate

9. Laissez-faire • Policy that government should interfere as little as possible in the nation’s economy • Thomas Jefferson’s policy for government

10. Custom Duties • Taxes on foreign imported goods

12. Judiciary Act • Set up regional courts for the United States

14. John Marshall • Appointed chief justice of the Supreme Court by outgoing president John Adams

15. “Midnight Judges” • Judges appointed by President John Adams in the final hours of his presidency • They were not recognized by new President Thomas Jefferson • Led to the Marbury v. Madison case

16. Marbury v. Madison • First time the Supreme Court reviewed and ruled on acts of the other branches of government • Established the power of judicial review

17. Judicial Review • The rights of the Supreme Court to determine if a law violates the Constitution • Has become a basic part of the system of checks and balances

18. 3 Principles of Judicial Review • The Constitution is the supreme law of the land • When there is a conflict between the Constitution and any other law, the Constitution must be followed • The judicial branch has a duty to uphold the Constitution

21. Conestoga Wagons • Sturdy vehicles topped with white canvas and used by pioneers to move west

23. Louisiana Territory • Land west of the Mississippi River controlled by Spain • Secretly transferred to French control in 1802

24. New Orleans • The trade center for the Louisiana Territory

26. Napoleon Bonaparte • Leader of France from the end of the French Revolution until 1814 • Had plans for a French empire in Europe and the Americas

28. Toussaint-Louverture • Led a revolt in Santo Domingo against the French and set up a new government • Helped Haiti regain its independence from the French

31. Louisiana Purchase • A treaty in which the United States purchased the land extending from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains and from Canada to the Gulf of Mexico for $15 million from France • The Purchase doubled the size of the United States

36. Lewis and Clark Expedition • A journey made by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark to explore the Northwestern land purchased from France • The information gathered by Lewis and Clark was very helpful in the settlement of the West

38. Sacagawea • Shoshone woman who joined Lewis and Clark’s expedition as a guide

42. Zebulon Pike • Led two expeditions through the upper Mississippi River and into present day Colorado • Discovered mountain he named Grand Peak (now known as Pikes Peak)

44. Secede • To leave or withdraw

47. Burr v. Hamilton Duel • Burr blamed Hamilton for him losing the election for governor of New York and challenged Hamilton to a duel • Hamilton pledged not to shoot Burr because he hated duels • Burr shot and killed Hamilton in Weehawken, New Jersey