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Socio-economic approach of the french peatlands

Carine MAITRE. « RECIPE ». Socio-economic approach of the french peatlands. Socio-economic context linked with peatlands ? Peatland existence set up a social network Sociological investigation : what are actors’ social representations?. Problematics. 1- Socio-economic valorizations :

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Socio-economic approach of the french peatlands

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  1. Carine MAITRE « RECIPE » Socio-economic approach of the french peatlands

  2. Socio-economiccontext linked with peatlands ? • Peatland existence set up a social network Sociological investigation : what are actors’ social representations? Problematics 1- Socio-economic valorizations : 1.1 Market of peat in France 1.2 Valorization linked with conservative management 2- Sociological investigation 2.1 An exploited peatland : Baupte (Normandy) 2.2 A restored peatland : Frasne (Franche-Comté) Plan of the lecture Introduction

  3. 2.1- Produce market of peat in France(a) Industrial exploitation Artisanal exploitation Organic amendments and growing media

  4. 2.1-The market of peat in France (b) 15 sites of extraction Areas of peatland Peatlands Weak density of peatlands High density of peatlands Extracted peat (metric tons) (end of 1999)

  5. National consommation of peat (metric tons) 1975 1995 Volume Pourcentage Volume Pourcentage Volume of importations 80 579 33 466 000 54 National production 161 382 67 400 000 46 Evaluation of french consommation of peat National consommation 241 961 100 866 000 100 2.1- The market of peat in France(c)

  6. Volume of different raw materials used in fabrication of growing-media Importations : 80 % Baltic States,10 % Ireland, 10% others countries 2.1- The market of peat in France (d)

  7. 2.1-The market of peat in France(e):Employment in 2003 - Approximatively 100 jobs linked with peat exploitation in France  number in diminution - 1500 jobs generated by production of organic amendments and growing media number in augmentation

  8. 2.1 The market of peat in France (f) : Future of french exploitations ? Authorizations of extraction expiration : 2010 French and european legislations Last authorization in France :  marsh with minor ecological interest (2001) Importations of peat : Belarus, Russia or Quebec Developement of alternative products

  9. 2.2- Socio-economic valorization of conservative management Jobs in different organisms (Associations, National Forest Board (ONF), in communes community.) Installation to welcome public Products of conservation management Animals introduced for extensive grazing

  10. At the origine of uses .. actors Professionnal and private consummers Entrepreneurs Agricultural use Exploitation Manufacturers of composts Peat workers Farmers Associations Restoration Hunting ONF Private owners Administrations Fishing Conservative management Tourists Elected members Residents Landscaped, educative, and touristic valorizations Gathering of bilberries

  11. 3- Sociological investigations (a) Interviews with individuals concerning by peatlands : - Semi-directive interviews - Grid with topics - Record/Retranscription Analyse of talks : Similarities between speeches Typology of actors

  12. B5 B4 B12 B3 B1 B7 Factory B8 B6 B1 GORGES B2 Exploitedpeatland BAUPTE B13 B10 Plain-marsh B9.1 B9.2 3.1 Sociological investigation :Peatland of Baupte, Normandy

  13. Definition of a peatland - « That’s where peat is extracted » - Natural environnement • Evocation of industrial past • Near absent • - Marked • Very marked Impacts of exploitation - No negative impacts - Advantages and drawbacks - Only negative impacts B • Future of exploitation • « It would be a pity if it stops » • « It would be a catastroph » • « They are going to stop exploitation » • « They must stop the exploitation» 3.1 Sociological investigation : Results of Baupte

  14.  Actors’ typology (a) A- Institutions and associations B9.1 B10 B4 B9.2 B- The Ecologist Hunters B5 B11 La tourbière

  15.  Actors’ typology (b) C- The « interested » B1 B8 D- « Keep the jobs » B7 B12 B3 B3 B6

  16. D A B9.1 B10 B1 B4 B9.2 B8 B7 B5 B12 B3 B3 B6 C B11 B Social determinants explaining typology? Age ? Socio-economic category ? Family situation ?

  17. A D B9.1 B10 B1 B4 B9.2 BAUPTE B8 B7 B5 B12 B3 B3 B6 C GORGES B11 Spatial proximity B

  18. F1 F4 Peatlands Pontarlier F3 F2 Frasne 3.2- Sociological investigation :  Site of Frasne (Franche-Comté) • First results • F2 : utilitary vision • All : « beauté du milieu », « nécessaire de protéger », « tourbières sont bien protégées, bien aménagées » • Consensus

  19. Conclusions / Perspectives Sociological investigation Baupte Frasne : After a period ... Continuation of this study : - interviews with new publics - peatland of Herretang (Isère) Conciliation between environnemental and valorization socio-economic in peatland? - public/product - peat exploitation

  20. Carine MAITRE « RECIPE » Socio-economic approach of the french peatlands

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