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Good Afternoon!!!!. NVC Wrap Up Russian Revolution(s) Totalitarianism: The Rise of Stalin Essential Question : What kind of leader was Joseph Stalin. How were the causes and effects of the February Revolution and October Revolution similar and different?.
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Good Afternoon!!!! • NVC • Wrap Up Russian Revolution(s) • Totalitarianism: The Rise of Stalin Essential Question: What kind of leader was Joseph Stalin
How were the causes and effects of the February Revolution and October Revolution similar and different?
Reactions to the Russian Revolution • Western Europe and U.S. frightened of the Russian Revolution and Lenin’s ideas • Russian Civil War • White Army vs. Red Army • Liberals/Royalists vs. Lenin’s Marxists • Britain, France, and U.S. support White Army • Lenin’s side wins • Bolsheviks rename themselves the Communist Party
Rise of Stalin • 1924 Vladimir Lenin dies • Two possible successors • Leon Trotsky: moderate former Menshevik and leader of the Red Army • Joseph Stalin: “man of steel” and General Secretary of Communist Party • “Comrade Stalin has concentrated enormous power in his hands, and I am not sure that he always knows how to use that power with caution”–Lenin, 1924 • 1928 Stalin has Leon Trotsky murdered with an ice pick • rises to absolute power
Totalitarianism Ideas are more powerful than guns. We would not let our enemies have guns, why should we let them have ideas?. –Joseph Stalin Totalitarianism: no limits on the power of the government. Controls every aspect of life and society
Stalin’s Agenda • Creates a Totalitarian state • Five-Year Plans • Plan for rapid industrialization • Command Economy • Government controls and owns every aspect of the economy • Collectivization of land • government controls all land and decides how its used
Human Cost of Totalitarianism • Famine • 6-8 million people starve due to Collectivization • The Great Purge • “all bourgeoisie or anti-soviet elements” killed or jailed • Gulags: prison labor camps fuel industrialization • 1.5 million killed