Regional Combating Weapons of Mass Destruction Program

1. Regional Combating Weapons of Mass Destruction Program Ronnie Faircloth Director On-Site Inspection Directorate

2. Purpose and Agenda • Purpose • To provide information about the Regional Combating Weapons of Mass Destruction Program • Agenda • WMD Material Trafficking • Global Initiatives • Combating WMD – National and International Commitment • National Capacity and Capability • International and Regional Cooperation • Regional Combating WMD Program • Concept of Operations • Regional Combating WMD Program – Black Sea • Way Ahead

3. WMD Material Trafficking Trafficking in Nuclear and Radioactive Material in 2005 21 August 2006 There were 103 confirmed incidents of illicit trafficking and other unauthorized activities involving nuclear and radioactive materials in 2005, newly release statistics from the IAEA’s Illicit Trafficking Database (ITDB) show. Georgia Authorities Confirm Arrest in Uranium Smuggling Incident 29 January 2007 Georgian authorities have disclosed the arrest of a Russian man last year on charges of smuggling contraband uranium. Russian scientists confirmed the radioactive material was weapons-grade uranium but they said the sample is too small to determine its origin… Pakistan Leader Confirms Nuclear Exports 13 September 2005 Pres Pervez Musharraf of Pakistan says he believes Paksitani nuclear expert A Q Khan, who ran world's largest proliferation ring, exported 'probably a dozen' centrifuges to North Korea to produce nuclear weapons fuel… Attempt to Smuggle Nuclear-related Materials out of Ukraine Thwarted 27 November 2007 The Yahodyn customs office [Volyn Region] prevented in October 2007 an attempt to smuggle out of Ukraine precious metals and dual-purpose materials which can be used for the production of nuclear weapons… … Necessitating a “Proliferation Pathway” Focus

4. Global Initiatives • United Nations Security Council Resolution 1540 • Obliges states to refrain from supporting by any means non-State actors from developing, acquiring, manufacturing, possessing, transporting, transferring or using nuclear, chemical or biological weapons and their delivery systems • Proliferation Security Initiative • Aimed at stopping shipments of weapons of mass destruction, their delivery systems, and related materials worldwide • Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism • Expands and accelerates the development of partnership capabilities to prevent, detect, and respond to the global threat of nuclear terrorism

5. Combating WMD – Elements • Scope • National capacity and capability • International and regional cooperation • Pillars • Nonproliferation • Counterproliferation • Consequence Management

6. National Capacity and Capability Coalition Warfare Proposals Hard Target Defeat Research Agreements Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Research Agreements WMD Consequence ManagementTable-top Exercises Treaty Inspections International Counter-proliferation Program NATO Chemical, Biological,Radiological, Nuclear Center of Excellence Support CTR Biological ThreatReduction Program CTR Proliferation Prevention Initiative Nuclear Weapons Safety and Security

7. International and Regional Cooperation Information Exchange Threat Risk Understanding Collaborative Technology Development Operational Interoperability

8. Regional Combating WMD Program • Objective • To support international efforts in combating weapons of mass destruction by fostering regional and international cooperation to combat weapons of mass destruction • Initial focus regions • Caribbean Sea • Black Sea • South-East Asia • Africa • Develop and promote • Best practices • International standards

9. Countries Regional Organizations Regional Centersfor Security Studies Concept of Operations Coordinate Support Activities Develop Partnerships Working Groups Tabletop Exercises International Initiatives - UNSCR 1540 - Proliferation Security Initiative - Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism Academia Workshops

10. Regional Combating WMD Program – Black Sea • Regional Counterproliferation Cooperation Conference, November 2007, George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies • Conference Report – Agreed Challenges and Opportunities • Create new capabilities for interagency and regional information exchange and databases • Conduct assessments of risks, vulnerabilities, and capabilities, both nationally and regionally • Improve use of regional and international organizations • Develop cooperation in regional nuclear and radiological consequence management • Reduce vulnerability by increasing control, protection, and accountability of nuclear and radiological material • Make pre-crisis plans for emergency assistance between states • Develop national and regional public communications plans for nuclear and radiological incidents

11. Way Ahead • Develop partnerships • Countries • Regional organizations • Establish working groups • Information exchange • Regional Information Exchange Workshop, 9-11 December 2008, George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies • Threat/risk understanding • Consequence management

12. Making the World Safer... …by reducing the threat of weapons of mass destruction