Chapter 15 Review

1. Chapter 15 Review Earth’s Oceans

2. Organize the following points from shallowest to deepest. • A, B, D, C • C, A, B, D • D, B, A, C • C, D, B, A (Hint: Sound travels through water at 1500 m/s)

3. What is the depth of the ocean at points A and C? • 4500 m and 1500 m • 9000 m and 3000 m • 6000 m and 2000 m • 3000 m and 1000 m (Hint: Sound travels through water at 1500 m/s)

4. If the ocean is 3750 feet deep at point D, how long was the time lapse? • 4 seconds • 1.25 seconds • 5 seconds • 10 seconds (Hint: Sound travels through water at 1500 m/s)

5. Which ocean location would have the lowest amount of salinity? • equatorial regions • subtropical ocean regions • polar regions • estuaries

6. Which ocean location would have the highest amount of salinity? • equatorial regions • subtropical ocean regions • polar regions • estuaries

7. Which part of the wave moves steadily forward? • the crest • the trough • the water • the energy

8. The vertical distance between trough and crest is 1.7m. What is this measuring? • the wavelength • the wave height • the wave base • the wave direction

9. If the wavelength of this wave is 4.2m, at what depth does water movement stop? • 8.4m • 4.2m • 2.1m • 0.7m

10. Which of the following is NOT a factor in wave height? • fetch • wind direction • wind duration • wind speed

11. What tidal cycle is graphed? • Semidiurnal • Mixed • Diurnal • Duodiurnal

12. At what point during the day is the tide at its lowest? • 6:00 am • 10:00 am • 1:00 pm • 4:00 pm

13. Analyze the diagram. What type of tides will be created as a result of this alignment? • spring tides • new tides • fall tides • neap tides

14. During this alignment, how will the tides be affected? • High tides will be higher and low tides will be lower. • High tides will be higher and low tides will be higher. • High tides will be lower and low tides will be lower. • High tides will be lower and low tides will be higher.

15. As surface water moves away from the California coast, what brings deep water up to replace the surface water? • gyres • upwelling • surface currents • density currents

16. Which of the following was the first expedition to use scientific measuring devices to study the ocean? • SEASAT expedition • Meteor expedition • Poseidon expedition • Challenger expedition

17. Which of the following correctly describes the order of the steps involved in the formation of sea ice? • ice crystals, pancake ice, slush, pack ice • slush, ice crystals, pancake ice, pack ice • ice crystals, slush, pack ice, pancake ice • ice crystals, slush, pancake ice, pack ice

18. After volcanism created Earth's atmosphere, what happened next to lead to the formation of oceans? • Earth’s crust cooled. • Ice caps melted. • Meteorite strikes stopped. • Carbon dioxide and other gases formed in the crust.

19. Which of the following is NOT true of global sea level? • Global sea level can rise in response to the melting of glaciers. • Tectonic forces cannot affect global sea level. • Average global sea level is rising today by 1 to 2 mm per year. • During an ice age, global sea levels drop.

20. Which of the following affects the density of seawater? • salinity • melting point • hydrogen bonds • breakers

21. What is the average surface temperature of the ocean? • -2°C • 2°C • 30°C • 15°C

22. located off the east coast of the United States • Pacific Ocean • Atlantic Ocean • Indian Ocean • Southern Ocean

23. covers 81 percent of the surface in the southern hemisphere • Pacific Ocean • Atlantic Ocean • Indian Ocean • Southern Ocean

24. larger than all of Earth’s landmasses combined • Pacific Ocean • Atlantic Ocean • Indian Ocean • Southern Ocean

25. the third-largest ocean • Pacific Ocean • Atlantic Ocean • Indian Ocean • Southern Ocean

26. contains roughly half of Earth’s seawater • Pacific Ocean • Atlantic Ocean • Indian Ocean • Southern Ocean

27. north of the Arctic Circle is often known as the Arctic Ocean • Pacific Ocean • Atlantic Ocean • Indian Ocean • Southern Ocean

28. Vertical movement of nutrient-rich ocean water • wave height • tidal range • gravitation • breakers • neap tide • density currents • gyres • upwelling • wavelength

29. Occurs during a first-quarter and third-quarter moon • wave height • tidal range • gravitation • breakers • neap tide • density currents • gyres • upwelling • wavelength

30. The vertical distance between a wave's crest and trough • wave height • tidal range • gravitation • breakers • neap tide • density currents • gyres • upwelling • wavelength

31. Closed, circular current systems • wave height • tidal range • gravitation • breakers • neap tide • density currents • gyres • upwelling • wavelength

32. Determines the speed with which waves move through deep water • wave height • tidal range • gravitation • breakers • neap tide • density currents • gyres • upwelling • wavelength

33. The difference between the levels of high and low tide • wave height • tidal range • gravitation • breakers • neap tide • density currents • gyres • upwelling • wavelength

34. Collapsing waves • wave height • tidal range • gravitation • breakers • neap tide • density currents • gyres • upwelling • wavelength

35. Move slowly in deep ocean waters • wave height • tidal range • gravitation • breakers • neap tide • density currents • gyres • upwelling • wavelength

36. Basic cause of tides • wave height • tidal range • gravitation • breakers • neap tide • density currents • gyres • upwelling • wavelength

37. Measure of the amount of dissolved salts in seawater • oceanography • side-scan sonar • sea level • breaker • temperature profile • thermocline • salinity • crest • trough

38. Periodic rise and fall of sea level • oceanography • side-scan sonar • sea level • salinity • temperature profile • thermocline • wave • tide • trough

39. Technique that directs sound waves toward the ocean floor at an angle to map its topographic features • oceanography • breaker • sea level • salinity • temperature profile • thermocline • side-scan sonar • crest • trough

40. Current caused by wind • oceanography • side-scan sonar • sea level • salinity • temperature profile • surface current • wave • crest • trough

41. Set of data that plots changing water temperature with depth • oceanography • side-scan sonar • sea level • salinity • breaker • temperature profile • wave • crest • trough

42. Lowest point of a wave • oceanography • side-scan sonar • sea level • salinity • temperature profile • thermocline • wave • crest • trough

43. Current caused by differences in the temperature and salinity of ocean water • oceanography • side-scan sonar • sea level • density current • temperature profile • thermocline • wave • crest • trough

44. Highest point of a wave • oceanography • side-scan sonar • sea level • salinity • temperature profile • thermocline • wave • breaker • crest

45. Scientific study of Earth’s oceans • breaker • side-scan sonar • oceanography • salinity • temperature profile • thermocline • wave • crest • trough

46. Level of the ocean’s surface • oceanography • side-scan sonar • sea level • salinity • temperature profile • thermocline • wave • crest • trough

47. Upward motion of ocean water • oceanography • side-scan sonar • sea level • salinity • upwelling • thermocline • wave • crest • trough

48. Rhythmic movement that carries energy through matter • oceanography • side-scan sonar • sea level • salinity • temperature profile • wave • breaker • crest • trough

49. Transitional layer of the ocean characterized by rapidly decreasing temperatures with depth • oceanography • side-scan sonar • sea level • salinity • thermocline • breaker • wave • crest • trough

50. Sidescan sonar is used to map the ocean floor. • True • False