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The Periodic Table

The Periodic Table. Mendeleev’s Table . The Russian scientist DMITRI MENDELEEV is considered to be the father of the modern periodic table, created in 1869 . Mendeleev wrote the know properties of the elements on cards and laid them out in a grid by INCREASING ATOMIC MASS .

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The Periodic Table

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  1. The Periodic Table

  2. Mendeleev’s Table • The Russian scientist DMITRI MENDELEEV is considered to be the father of the modern periodic table, created in 1869. • Mendeleev wrote the know properties of the elements on cards and laid them out in a grid by INCREASING ATOMIC MASS. • He noticed that the properties of the elements tended to repeat EVERY 8th ELEMENT.

  3. When the properties REPEATED, he came back and started a NEW ROW….. • Blank BlankBlank • Space SpaceSpace • Sometime he had to leave a BLANK SPACE in order to keep the properties aligned.

  4. Mendeleev said the blank spaces were ELEMENTS NOT YET DISCOVERED. • Years later, minor problems lead HENRY MOSELEY to rearrange the table by INCREASING ATOMIC NUMBER instead of atomic mass number. • The modern table is still arranged this way.

  5. Parts of the Periodic Table • The Periodic Table (PT) is a series or ROWS and COLUMNS of small squares known as ELEMENT KEYS. • ROWS run LEFT TO RIGHT and are known as PERIODS or SERIES. • All element in a period or series have theSAME NUMBER of ELECTRON ENERGY LEVELS. • There are 7 ROWS across the periodic table. • Numbered1 (Hydrogen) down to 7 (Francium)

  6. COLUMNS run UP and DOWN vertically on the periodic table. • A columns is known as GROUP or a FAMILY. • All elements in a group or family have the SAME NUMBER of ELECTRONS in the OUTERMOST LEVEL of their electron cloud. • The number and arrangement of outermost electrons determines the chemical and physical propertiesof an element. • The outermost energy level of the electron cloud is called the VALENCE ENERGY LEVEL.

  7. Labeling the Periodic Table • The next few slides deal with numbering and labeling the periodic table. • IF YOU HAVE TROUBLE FOLLOWING THE DIRECTIONS FOR LABELING, refer to the LAST SLIDE which is a completed sample periodic table. • You completed table should look like this!

  8. LABELING the Periodic Table • 1. NUMBER the PERIODS/SERIES (left to right rows) ON THE LEFT SIDE from 1 (beside Hydrogen) to 7 (beside Francium). • Normally, periods and series DO NOT HAVE NAMES. The exceptions are the TWO ROWS at the bottom of the table. • The first row (La) is called theLANTHANIDE SERIES • The second row (Ac) is the ACTINIDE SERIES. • Together, these are the RARE EARTH ELEMENTS.

  9. The GROUPS or FAMILIES (vertical columns) are numbered ABOVE THE TOP BLOCK from 1 (beginning at Hydrogen) to 18 (Helium). • Number the columns across the periodic table. • Unlike the PERIODS or SERIES, the GROUPS and FAMILIES do have NAMES. • Write the NAME of each family in the blank above the column.

  10. GROUP 1 – Alkali Metals • GROUP 2 – Alkaline Earth Metals • GROUPS 3-12 – together are called the TRANSITION METALS • GROUP 13 – Boron Family • GROUP 14 – Carbon Family • GROUP 15 – Nitrogen Family • GROUP 16 – Oxygen Family • GROUP 17 – Halogen Family • GROUP 18 – Noble Gas Family

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