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Cell Transport

Cell Transport. Diffusion : Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration Movement continues until equilibrium is reached Equilibrium : same amount of molecules on the outside of a cell as the inside. Diffusion (contd). Passive transport: No energy required to move molecules

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Cell Transport

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  1. Cell Transport

  2. Diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration • Movement continues until equilibrium is reached • Equilibrium: same amount of molecules on the outside of a cell as the inside

  3. Diffusion (contd) • Passive transport: No energy required to move molecules • If more molecules outside the cell… they move inside • If more molecules inside the cell…they move outside • Will O2 move into this cell or out of this cell?

  4. Diffusion (contd) Where is the high Oxygen concentration? • Passive transport: No energy (ATP) required to move molecules • If more molecules outside the cell… they move inside (and vise versa) Where is the high CARBON DIOXIDE concentration?

  5. O2 O2 O2 O2

  6. O2 O2 O2 O2 O2 O2

  7. O2 O2 O2 O2 O2 O2

  8. Where is the HIGH oxygen concentration? O2 O2 O2 O2 O2 O2 Where is the LOW oxygen concentration?

  9. O2 O2 O2 O2 O2 O2

  10. O2 O2 O2 O2 O2 O2

  11. Where is the LOW oxygen concentration? Where is the HIGH oxygen concentration? O2 O2 O2 O2 O2 O2 Cell X gets oxygen through the process of diffusion!

  12. The reverse process is true w/ carbon dioxide. CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2

  13. Where is the HIGH carbon dioxide concentration? CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2

  14. CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2

  15. CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2

  16. Where is the HIGH carbon dioxide concentration? CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2

  17. CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2

  18. CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2

  19. Defined: Diffusion of water from an area of high to low concentration High H20 concentration if: less particles dissolved in the water Low H20 concentration if: more particles dissolved in the water Osmosis

  20. Dots represent dissolved particles (not water molecules)

  21. Facilitated Diffusion • Defined: Larger molecules enter/exit with the help of protein channels in the plasma membrane • No energy is required (passive) • Q: Why are the molecules exiting this cell and not entering? • A: There are more molecules inside than out

  22. Active transport

  23. Active Transport • Defined: Molecules move from a LOW to a HIGH concentration • ATP energy opens/closes protein channel • ATP = Adenosine Triphosphate • Acts like a pump

  24. Contractile vacuole of a Paramecium Water being pumped out of this cell to prevent bursting

  25. Endocytosis • Endocytosis: Process in which the plasma membrane takes in substances (2 types) • 1) Phagocytosis: when a cell engulfs a solid particle • 2) Pinocytosis: when a cell engulfs a liquid particle • Unfortunately, viruses can also enter our cells this way

  26. Endocytosis & the lysosome

  27. Exocytosis • Defined: Process when substances are expelled from the cell • Proteins, nutrients, and waste exit by exocytosis • Vesicle carry & release objects through the plasma membrane

  28. Quick Review • Diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentrations • Some methods of movement don’t require energy (Passive Transport) • Some methods of movement require energy (Active transport) • Farts smell because of diffusion

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