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3.2 Out of Africa

3.2 Out of Africa. 7SE JWO 2014. Topics to be covered……. Imagining the distant past The theory of evolution Human migrations Old Stone Age technologies Organisation of Old Stone Age societies The Neanderthal mystery Neanderthals and Homo sapiens Definitions Task.

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3.2 Out of Africa

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  1. 3.2 Out of Africa 7SE JWO 2014

  2. Topics to be covered……. • Imagining the distant past • The theory of evolution • Human migrations • Old Stone Age technologies • Organisation of Old Stone Age societies • The Neanderthal mystery • Neanderthals and Homo sapiens • Definitions • Task

  3. Imagining the distant past • You live in a cave or shelter • All your clothes would be from the skins of animals and you would only have them if it was cold • Your family hunts for animals and gathers roots, seeds and fruits. • Your only light at night comes from making fire with flint or by rubbing sticks • You live in fear of large animals who hunt you for food

  4. The theory of evolution • Belief from The Bible – all living things created 6000 years ago • Charles Darwin 1859 – theory of evolution • Scientific argument – species evolved from other life forms • Supported by evidence from fossils • Scientists now think life on Earth began about 3 Billion years ago

  5. Human Migration • Originally – several human species • Only Homo sapiens survived • Migrated from Africa into Asia, Australia, Europe and the Americas • Why did people migrate? - warmer weather - food supplies

  6. Old Stone Age technologies • Stones smashed to created jagged edges • Improved by flaking and grinding • Examples • Chisels • Scrapers • Small spears and arrow tips • Sewing needles • Fishing hooks

  7. Organisation of society • Largely guess work • Similar to surviving hunter-gatherers • Moved around • Different roles based on gender

  8. The Neanderthal mystery • Why did the Neanderthals die out? • Did Homo sapiens cause it? • Did they become extinct for other reasons?

  9. Neanderthals and Homo Sapiens • Similarities • Brain size • Tools • Hunter-gatherers • Used fire • Cared for their sick • Buried their dead • Differences – Neanderthals had • Shorter and were more strongly built • Shorter lives • Lived in smaller groups • Less migration – never further than Europe and Western Asia • Less nomadic lifestyles

  10. Definitions for 3.2 (words 5-11) • Evolve– to develop and change by natural processes • Extinct – died out • Flint – a very hard stone, useful for tools and for making sparks to start fires • Genetics – study of heredity • Palaeontologist – a scientist who studies fossils • Species – a group or classification of living things

  11. Task • Open up the text book to pg 58 and 59 • Using Source 1 – create a timeline based on the movement of humans from Africa to the main regions of the World. • Use provided graph paper for this task

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